merge 'master'

fix usage of self._merge_subtitles
[ie/generic] Do not impersonate by default (fix edfd095b19) (#11336 )
2024-11-30 03:01:25 +01:00 · 2024-10-28 00:32:14 +00:00 · 2024-10-28 00:31:56 +00:00 · 2024-10-24 23:11:48 +00:00 · 2024-10-24 16:36:09 +00:00 · 2024-10-23 21:53:51 +00:00
49 changed files with 1082 additions and 680 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ on:
        default: true
        type: boolean
      windows:
-        description: yt-dlp.exe, yt-dlp_min.exe, yt-dlp_win.zip
+        description: yt-dlp.exe, yt-dlp_win.zip
        default: true
        type: boolean
      windows32:
@ -199,22 +199,24 @@ jobs:
            GITHUB_WORKFLOW: build
          githubToken: ${{ github.token }} # To cache image
          arch: ${{ matrix.architecture }}
-          distro: ubuntu18.04 # Standalone executable should be built on minimum supported OS
+          distro: ubuntu20.04 # Standalone executable should be built on minimum supported OS
          dockerRunArgs: --volume "${PWD}/repo:/repo"
          install: | # Installing Python 3.10 from the Deadsnakes repo raises errors
            apt update
-            apt -y install zlib1g-dev libffi-dev python3.8 python3.8-dev python3.8-distutils python3-pip
-            python3.8 -m pip install -U pip setuptools wheel
-            # Cannot access any files from the repo directory at this stage
-            python3.8 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller mutagen pycryptodomex websockets brotli certifi secretstorage cffi
+            apt -y install zlib1g-dev libffi-dev python3.9 python3.9-dev python3.9-distutils python3-pip \
+              python3-secretstorage  # Cannot build cryptography wheel in virtual armv7 environment
+            python3.9 -m pip install -U pip wheel 'setuptools>=71.0.2'
+            # XXX: Keep this in sync with pyproject.toml (it can't be accessed at this stage) and exclude secretstorage
+            python3.9 -m pip install -U Pyinstaller mutagen pycryptodomex brotli certifi cffi \
+              'requests>=2.32.2,<3' 'urllib3>=1.26.17,<3' 'websockets>=13.0'

          run: |
            cd repo
-            python3.8 devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include build
-            python3.8 devscripts/install_deps.py --include pyinstaller --include secretstorage  # Cached version may be out of date
-            python3.8 devscripts/update-version.py -c "${{ inputs.channel }}" -r "${{ needs.process.outputs.origin }}" "${{ inputs.version }}"
-            python3.8 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-            python3.8 -m bundle.pyinstaller
+            python3.9 devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include build
+            python3.9 devscripts/install_deps.py --include pyinstaller  # Cached versions may be out of date
+            python3.9 devscripts/update-version.py -c "${{ inputs.channel }}" -r "${{ needs.process.outputs.origin }}" "${{ inputs.version }}"
+            python3.9 devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
+            python3.9 -m bundle.pyinstaller

            if ${{ vars.UPDATE_TO_VERIFICATION && 'true' || 'false' }}; then
              arch="${{ (matrix.architecture == 'armv7' && 'armv7l') || matrix.architecture }}"
@ -403,8 +405,8 @@ jobs:
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with: # 3.8 is used for Win7 support
-          python-version: "3.8"
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.10"
      - name: Install Requirements
        run: | # Custom pyinstaller built with https://github.com/yt-dlp/pyinstaller-builds
          python devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include build
@ -419,22 +421,12 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          python -m bundle.pyinstaller
          python -m bundle.pyinstaller --onedir
-          Move-Item ./dist/yt-dlp.exe ./dist/yt-dlp_real.exe
          Compress-Archive -Path ./dist/yt-dlp/* -DestinationPath ./dist/yt-dlp_win.zip

-      - name: Install Requirements (py2exe)
-        run: |
-          python devscripts/install_deps.py --include py2exe
-      - name: Build (py2exe)
-        run: |
-          python -m bundle.py2exe
-          Move-Item ./dist/yt-dlp.exe ./dist/yt-dlp_min.exe
-          Move-Item ./dist/yt-dlp_real.exe ./dist/yt-dlp.exe
-
      - name: Verify --update-to
        if: vars.UPDATE_TO_VERIFICATION
        run: |
-          foreach ($name in @("yt-dlp","yt-dlp_min")) {
+          foreach ($name in @("yt-dlp")) {
            Copy-Item "./dist/${name}.exe" "./dist/${name}_downgraded.exe"
            $version = & "./dist/${name}.exe" --version
            & "./dist/${name}_downgraded.exe" -v --update-to yt-dlp/yt-dlp@2023.03.04
@ -450,7 +442,6 @@ jobs:
          name: build-bin-${{ github.job }}
          path: |
            dist/yt-dlp.exe
-            dist/yt-dlp_min.exe
            dist/yt-dlp_win.zip
          compression-level: 0

@ -463,7 +454,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
-          python-version: "3.8"
+          python-version: "3.10"
          architecture: "x86"
      - name: Install Requirements
        run: |
@ -537,13 +528,29 @@ jobs:
          lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
          lock 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
          lock 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lock 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
+          lock 2024.10.22 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+          lock 2024.10.22 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+          lock 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 py2exe .+
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.045052 py2exe .+
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+          lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
          EOF

      - name: Sign checksum files
--- a/.github/workflows/core.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/core.yml
@ -36,16 +36,20 @@ jobs:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        # CPython 3.8 is in quick-test
-        python-version: ['3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
+        # CPython 3.9 is in quick-test
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', pypy-3.10]
        include:
        # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
        - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.8'
+          python-version: '3.9'
+        - os: windows-latest
+          python-version: '3.10'
        - os: windows-latest
          python-version: '3.12'
        - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: pypy-3.9
+          python-version: '3.13'
+        - os: windows-latest
+          python-version: pypy-3.10
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
--- a/.github/workflows/download.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/download.yml
@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ jobs:
      fail-fast: true
      matrix:
        os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', pypy-3.8, pypy-3.10]
+        python-version: ['3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', pypy-3.10]
        include:
        # atleast one of each CPython/PyPy tests must be in windows
        - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: '3.8'
+          python-version: '3.9'
        - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: pypy-3.9
+          python-version: pypy-3.10
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
--- a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Set up Python 3.8
+    - name: Set up Python 3.9
      uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      with:
-        python-version: '3.8'
+        python-version: '3.9'
    - name: Install test requirements
      run: python3 ./devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include test
    - name: Run tests
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
      with:
-        python-version: '3.8'
+        python-version: '3.9'
    - name: Install dev dependencies
      run: python3 ./devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include static-analysis
    - name: Make lazy extractors
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@ -37,14 +37,18 @@ Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: [yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues](https://githu
 **Please include the full output of yt-dlp when run with `-vU`**, i.e. **add** `-vU` flag to **your command line**, copy the **whole** output and post it in the issue body wrapped in \`\`\` for better formatting. It should look similar to this:
 ```
 $ yt-dlp -vU <your command line>
-[debug] Command-line config: ['-v', 'demo.com']
-[debug] Encodings: locale UTF-8, fs utf-8, out utf-8, pref UTF-8
-[debug] yt-dlp version 2021.09.25 (zip)
-[debug] Python version 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Linux-5.4.0-74-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.29
-[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg 4.2.4, ffprobe 4.2.4
+[debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'https://www.example.com/']
+[debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
+[debug] yt-dlp version nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds [1a176d874] (win_exe)
+[debug] Python 3.10.11 (CPython AMD64 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.20348-SP0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1t  7 Feb 2023)
+[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg 7.0.2 (setts), ffprobe 7.0.2
+[debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.21.0, brotli-1.1.0, certifi-2024.08.30, curl_cffi-0.5.10, mutagen-1.47.0, requests-2.32.3, sqlite3-3.40.1, urllib3-2.2.3, websockets-13.1
 [debug] Proxy map: {}
-Current Build Hash 25cc412d1d3c0725a1f2f5b7e4682f6fb40e6d15f7024e96f7afd572e9919535
-yt-dlp is up to date (2021.09.25)
+[debug] Request Handlers: urllib, requests, websockets, curl_cffi
+[debug] Loaded 1838 extractors
+[debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
+Latest version: nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds
+yt-dlp is up to date (nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds)
 ...
 ```
 **Do not post screenshots of verbose logs; only plain text is acceptable.**
@ -233,7 +237,7 @@ After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can fo
                # * MD5 checksum; start the string with 'md5:', e.g.
                #     'description': 'md5:098f6bcd4621d373cade4e832627b4f6',
                # * A regular expression; start the string with 're:', e.g.
-                #     'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+                #     'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg$',
                # * A count of elements in a list; start the string with 'count:', e.g.
                #     'tags': 'count:10',
                # * Any Python type, e.g.
@ -268,7 +272,7 @@ After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can fo

    You can use `hatch fmt` to automatically fix problems. Rules that the linter/formatter enforces should not be disabled with `# noqa` unless a maintainer requests it. The only exception allowed is for old/printf-style string formatting in GraphQL query templates (use `# noqa: UP031`).

-1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython and PyPy for Python 3.8 and above. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
+1. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions supported by yt-dlp, namely CPython >=3.9 and PyPy >=3.10. Backward compatibility is not required for even older versions of Python.
 1. When the tests pass, [add](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files, [commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:

    ```shell
@ -302,10 +306,9 @@ Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of the sou
 For extraction to work yt-dlp relies on metadata your extractor extracts and provides to yt-dlp expressed by an [information dictionary](yt_dlp/extractor/common.py#L119-L440) or simply *info dict*. Only the following meta fields in the *info dict* are considered mandatory for a successful extraction process by yt-dlp:

 - `id` (media identifier)
- - `title` (media title)
 - `url` (media download URL) or `formats`

-The aforementioned metafields are the critical data that the extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them fail to be extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken. While all extractors must return a `title`, they must also allow it's extraction to be non-fatal.
+The aforementioned metadata fields are the critical data without which extraction does not make any sense. If any of them fail to be extracted, then the extractor is considered broken. All other metadata extraction should be completely non-fatal.

 For pornographic sites, appropriate `age_limit` must also be returned.

--- a/10
+++ b/10
@ -678,3 +678,13 @@ coreywright
 eric321
 poyhen
 tetra-fox
+444995
+63427083
+allendema
+DarkZeros
+DTrombett
+imranh2
+KarboniteKream
+mikkovedru
+pktiuk
+rubyevadestaxes
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@ -4,6 +4,56 @@
 # To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->

+### 2024.10.22
+
+#### Important changes
+- **Following this release, yt-dlp's Python dependencies *must* be installed using the `default` group**
+If you're installing yt-dlp with pip/pipx or requiring yt-dlp in your own Python project, you'll need to specify `yt-dlp[default]` if you want to also install yt-dlp's optional dependencies (which were previously included by default). [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/11255)
+- **py2exe is no longer supported**
+This release's `yt-dlp_min.exe` will be the last, and it's actually a PyInstaller-bundled executable so that yt-dlp users updating their py2exe build with `-U` will be automatically migrated. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10087)
+
+#### Core changes
+- [Add extractor helpers](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d710a6ca7c622705c0c8c8a3615916f531137d5d) ([#10653](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10653)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- [Add option `--plugin-dirs`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0f593dca9fa995d88eb763170a932da61c8f24dc) ([#11277](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11277)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [imranh2](https://github.com/imranh2)
+- **cookies**: [Fix compatibility for Python <=3.9 in traceback](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c5f0f58efd8c3930de8202c15a5c53b1b635bd51) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- **utils**
+    - `Popen`: [Reset PyInstaller environment](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fbc66e3ab35743cc847a21223c67d88bb463cd9c) ([#11258](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11258)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+    - `sanitize_path`: [Reimplement function](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/85b87c991af25dcb35630fa94580fd418e78ee33) ([#11198](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11198)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+
+#### Extractor changes
+- **adobepass**: [Use newer user-agent for provider redirect request](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/dcfeea4dd5e5686821350baa6c7767a011944867) ([#11250](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11250)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **afreecatv**: [Adapt extractors to new sooplive.co.kr domain](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/46fe60ff19395698a87113b2944453779e04ab9d) ([#11266](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11266)) by [63427083](https://github.com/63427083), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **cda**: [Support folders](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c4d95f67ddc522297bb1fea875255cf94b34d595) ([#10786](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10786)) by [pktiuk](https://github.com/pktiuk)
+- **cwtv**: [Fix extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9d43dcb2c5c38f443f84dfc126cd32720e1a1ad6) ([#11230](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11230)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **drtv**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f4338714241b11d9d43768ae71a25f5e952f677d) ([#11141](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11141)) by [444995](https://github.com/444995)
+- **funk**: [Extend `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8de431ec97a4b62b73df8f686b6e21e462775336) ([#11269](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11269)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **gem.cbc.ca**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/40054cb4a7ebbea30d335d444e6f58b298a3baa0) ([#11196](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11196)) by [DavidSkrundz](https://github.com/DavidSkrundz)
+- **generic**: [Impersonate browser by default](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/edfd095b1917701c5046bd51f9542897c17d41a7) ([#11206](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11206)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- **imgur**
+    - [Fix thumbnail extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/87408ccfd772ddf31a8323d8151c24f9577cbc9f) ([#11298](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11298)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+    - [Support new URL format](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5af774d7a36c00bea618c7047c9326532cd3f616) ([#11075](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11075)) by [Deer-Spangle](https://github.com/Deer-Spangle)
+- **patreon**: campaign: [Stricter URL matching](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/babb70960595e2146f06f81affc29c7e713e34e2) ([#11235](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11235)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **reddit**: [Detect and raise when login is required](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/cba7868502f04175fecf9ab3e363296aee7ebec2) ([#11202](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11202)) by [pzhlkj6612](https://github.com/pzhlkj6612)
+- **substack**: [Resolve podcast file extensions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3148c1822f66533998278f0a1cf842b9bea1526a) ([#11275](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11275)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **telecinco**: [Fix extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0b7ec08816fb196cd41d392f8331b4eb8366c4f8) ([#11142](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11142)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [DarkZeros](https://github.com/DarkZeros)
+- **tubitv**: [Strip extra whitespace from titles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e68b4c19af122876561a41f2dd8093fae7b417c7) ([#10795](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10795)) by [allendema](https://github.com/allendema)
+- **tver**: [Support series URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ceaea731b6e314dbbdfb2e358d7677785ed0b4fc) ([#9507](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/9507)) by [pzhlkj6612](https://github.com/pzhlkj6612), [vvto33](https://github.com/vvto33)
+- **twitter**: spaces: [Allow extraction when not logged in](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/679c68240a26481ea7c07cc0c014745631ea8481) ([#11289](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11289)) by [rubyevadestaxes](https://github.com/rubyevadestaxes)
+- **weverse**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5310fa87f6cb7f66bf42e2520878952fbf6b1652) ([#11215](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11215)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+- **youtube**
+    - [Fix `comment_count` extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7af1ddaaf2a6a0a750373a9ab53c7770af4f9fe4) ([#11274](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11274)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Remove broken `android_producer` client](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fed53d70bdb7d3e37ef63dd7fcf0ef74356167fd) ([#11297](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11297)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Remove broken age-restriction workaround](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ec2f4bf0823a13043f98f5bd0bf6677837bf09dc) ([#11297](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11297)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Support logging in with OAuth](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b8635c1d4779da195e71aa281f73aaad702c935e) ([#11001](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11001)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
+
+#### Misc. changes
+- **build**
+    - [Migrate `py2exe` builds to `win_exe`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a886cf3e900f4a2ec00af705f883539269545609) ([#11256](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11256)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - [Use `macos-13` image for macOS builds](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/64d84d75ca8c19ec06558cc7c511f5f4f7a822bc) ([#11236](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11236)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
+    - `make_lazy_extractors`: [Force running without plugins](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1a830394a21a81a3e9918f9e175abc9fbb21f089) ([#11205](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11205)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+- **cleanup**: Miscellaneous: [67adeb7](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/67adeb7bab00662ba55d473e405b301abb42fe61) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [DTrombett](https://github.com/DTrombett), [grqz](https://github.com/grqz), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [KarboniteKream](https://github.com/KarboniteKream), [mikkovedru](https://github.com/mikkovedru), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
+- **test**: [Allow running tests explicitly](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/16eb28026a2ddf5608d0a628ef15949b8d3805a9) ([#11203](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11203)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
+
 ### 2024.10.07

 #### Core changes
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 [![YT-DLP](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/master/.github/banner.svg)](#readme)

 [![Release version](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/yt-dlp/yt-dlp?color=brightgreen&label=Download&style=for-the-badge)](#installation "Installation")
-[![PyPi](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPi-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp "PyPi")
+[![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPI-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp "PyPI")
 [![Donate](https://img.shields.io/badge/_-Donate-red.svg?logo=githubsponsors&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](Collaborators.md#collaborators "Donate")
 [![Matrix](https://img.shields.io/matrix/yt-dlp:matrix.org?color=brightgreen&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=element&style=for-the-badge)](https://matrix.to/#/#yt-dlp:matrix.org "Matrix")
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/discord/807245652072857610?color=blue&labelColor=555555&label=&logo=discord&style=for-the-badge)](https://discord.gg/H5MNcFW63r "Discord")
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ yt-dlp is a feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader with support for [t
 [![Windows](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Windows_x64-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=windows)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.exe)
 [![Unix](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Linux/BSD-red.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=linux)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp)
 [![MacOS](https://img.shields.io/badge/-MacOS-lightblue.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=apple)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_macos)
-[![PyPi](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPi-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp)
+[![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/badge/-PyPI-blue.svg?logo=pypi&labelColor=555555&style=for-the-badge)](https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp)
 [![Source Tarball](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Source_tar-green.svg?style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)
 [![Other variants](https://img.shields.io/badge/-Other-grey.svg?style=for-the-badge)](#release-files)
 [![All versions](https://img.shields.io/badge/-All_Versions-lightgrey.svg?style=for-the-badge)](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases)
@ -98,15 +98,14 @@ You can install yt-dlp using [the binaries](#release-files), [pip](https://pypi.
 File|Description
 :---|:---
 [yt-dlp](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp)|Platform-independent [zipimport](https://docs.python.org/3/library/zipimport.html) binary. Needs Python (recommended for **Linux/BSD**)
-[yt-dlp.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.exe)|Windows (Win7 SP1+) standalone x64 binary (recommended for **Windows**)
+[yt-dlp.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.exe)|Windows (Win8+) standalone x64 binary (recommended for **Windows**)
 [yt-dlp_macos](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_macos)|Universal MacOS (10.15+) standalone executable (recommended for **MacOS**)

 #### Alternatives

 File|Description
 :---|:---
-[yt-dlp_x86.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_x86.exe)|Windows (Win7 SP1+) standalone x86 (32-bit) binary
-[yt-dlp_min.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_min.exe)|Windows (Win7 SP1+) standalone x64 binary built with `py2exe`<br/> ([Not recommended](#standalone-py2exe-builds-windows))
+[yt-dlp_x86.exe](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_x86.exe)|Windows (Win8+) standalone x86 (32-bit) binary
 [yt-dlp_linux](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux)|Linux standalone x64 binary
 [yt-dlp_linux_armv7l](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux_armv7l)|Linux standalone armv7l (32-bit) binary
 [yt-dlp_linux_aarch64](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp_linux_aarch64)|Linux standalone aarch64 (64-bit) binary
@ -173,11 +172,11 @@ python3 -m pip install -U --pre "yt-dlp[default]"
 ```

 ## DEPENDENCIES
-Python versions 3.8+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.
+Python versions 3.9+ (CPython) and 3.10+ (PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.

 <!-- Python 3.5+ uses VC++14 and it is already embedded in the binary created
 <!x-- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=26999 --x>
-On windows, [Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)](https://download.microsoft.com/download/1/6/5/165255E7-1014-4D0A-B094-B6A430A6BFFC/vcredist_x86.exe) is also necessary to run yt-dlp. You probably already have this, but if the executable throws an error due to missing `MSVCR100.dll` you need to install it manually.
+On Windows, [Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)](https://download.microsoft.com/download/1/6/5/165255E7-1014-4D0A-B094-B6A430A6BFFC/vcredist_x86.exe) is also necessary to run yt-dlp. You probably already have this, but if the executable throws an error due to missing `MSVCR100.dll` you need to install it manually.
 -->

 While all the other dependencies are optional, `ffmpeg` and `ffprobe` are highly recommended
@ -254,24 +253,12 @@ On some systems, you may need to use `py` or `python` instead of `python3`.
 **Important**: Running `pyinstaller` directly **instead of** using `python -m bundle.pyinstaller` is **not** officially supported. This may or may not work correctly.

 ### Platform-independent Binary (UNIX)
-You will need the build tools `python` (3.8+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.
+You will need the build tools `python` (3.9+), `zip`, `make` (GNU), `pandoc`\* and `pytest`\*.

 After installing these, simply run `make`.

 You can also run `make yt-dlp` instead to compile only the binary without updating any of the additional files. (The build tools marked with **\*** are not needed for this)

-### Standalone Py2Exe Builds (Windows)
-
-While we provide the option to build with [py2exe](https://www.py2exe.org), it is recommended to build [using PyInstaller](#standalone-pyinstaller-builds) instead since the py2exe builds **cannot contain `pycryptodomex`/`certifi`/`requests` and need VC++14** on the target computer to run.
-
-If you wish to build it anyway, install Python (if it is not already installed) and you can run the following commands:
-
-```
-py devscripts/install_deps.py --include py2exe
-py devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
-py -m bundle.py2exe
-```
-
 ### Related scripts

 * **`devscripts/install_deps.py`** - Install dependencies for yt-dlp.
@ -348,6 +335,13 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    containing directory ("-" for stdin). Can be
                                    used multiple times and inside other
                                    configuration files
+    --plugin-dirs PATH              Path to an additional directory to search
+                                    for plugins. This option can be used
+                                    multiple times to add multiple directories.
+                                    Note that this currently only works for
+                                    extractor plugins; postprocessor plugins can
+                                    only be loaded from the default plugin
+                                    directories
    --flat-playlist                 Do not extract the videos of a playlist,
                                    only list them
    --no-flat-playlist              Fully extract the videos of a playlist
@ -444,10 +438,10 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    E.g. "--date today-2weeks" downloads only
                                    videos uploaded on the same day two weeks ago
    --datebefore DATE               Download only videos uploaded on or before
-                                    this date. The date formats accepted is the
+                                    this date. The date formats accepted are the
                                    same as --date
    --dateafter DATE                Download only videos uploaded on or after
-                                    this date. The date formats accepted is the
+                                    this date. The date formats accepted are the
                                    same as --date
    --match-filters FILTER          Generic video filter. Any "OUTPUT TEMPLATE"
                                    field can be compared with a number or a
@ -732,16 +726,16 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    used. This option can be used multiple times
    --print-to-file [WHEN:]TEMPLATE FILE
                                    Append given template to the file. The
-                                    values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are same as that
-                                    of --print. FILE uses the same syntax as the
-                                    output template. This option can be used
-                                    multiple times
+                                    values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are the same as
+                                    that of --print. FILE uses the same syntax
+                                    as the output template. This option can be
+                                    used multiple times
    -j, --dump-json                 Quiet, but print JSON information for each
                                    video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is
                                    used. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a
                                    description of available keys
    -J, --dump-single-json          Quiet, but print JSON information for each
-                                    url or infojson passed. Simulate unless
+                                    URL or infojson passed. Simulate unless
                                    --no-simulate is used. If the URL refers to
                                    a playlist, the whole playlist information
                                    is dumped in a single line
@ -816,9 +810,9 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
    --no-audio-multistreams         Only one audio stream is downloaded for each
                                    output file (default)
    --prefer-free-formats           Prefer video formats with free containers
-                                    over non-free ones of same quality. Use with
-                                    "-S ext" to strictly prefer free containers
-                                    irrespective of quality
+                                    over non-free ones of the same quality. Use
+                                    with "-S ext" to strictly prefer free
+                                    containers irrespective of quality
    --no-prefer-free-formats        Don't give any special preference to free
                                    containers (default)
    --check-formats                 Make sure formats are selected only from
@ -843,15 +837,17 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    (default) (Alias: --no-write-automatic-subs)
    --list-subs                     List available subtitles of each video.
                                    Simulate unless --no-simulate is used
-    --sub-format FORMAT             Subtitle format; accepts formats preference,
-                                    e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
+    --sub-format FORMAT             Subtitle format; accepts formats preference
+                                    separated by "/", e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
    --sub-langs LANGS               Languages of the subtitles to download (can
                                    be regex) or "all" separated by commas, e.g.
-                                    --sub-langs "en.*,ja". You can prefix the
-                                    language code with a "-" to exclude it from
-                                    the requested languages, e.g. --sub-langs
-                                    all,-live_chat. Use --list-subs for a list
-                                    of available language tags
+                                    --sub-langs "en.*,ja" (where "en.*" is a
+                                    regex pattern that matches "en" followed by
+                                    0 or more of any character). You can prefix
+                                    the language code with a "-" to exclude it
+                                    from the requested languages, e.g. --sub-
+                                    langs all,-live_chat. Use --list-subs for a
+                                    list of available language tags

 ## Authentication Options:
    -u, --username USERNAME         Login with this account ID
@ -899,9 +895,9 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    necessary (currently supported: avi, flv,
                                    gif, mkv, mov, mp4, webm, aac, aiff, alac,
                                    flac, m4a, mka, mp3, ogg, opus, vorbis,
-                                    wav). If target container does not support
-                                    the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail.
-                                    You can specify multiple rules; e.g.
+                                    wav). If the target container does not
+                                    support the video/audio codec, remuxing will
+                                    fail. You can specify multiple rules; e.g.
                                    "aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a,
                                    mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv
    --recode-video FORMAT           Re-encode the video into another format if
@ -969,29 +965,29 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    are the same as that of --use-postprocessor
                                    (default: pre_process)
    --xattrs                        Write metadata to the video file's xattrs
-                                    (using dublin core and xdg standards)
+                                    (using Dublin Core and XDG standards)
    --concat-playlist POLICY        Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of
                                    "never", "always", or "multi_video"
                                    (default; only when the videos form a single
-                                    show). All the video files must have same
-                                    codecs and number of streams to be
-                                    concatable. The "pl_video:" prefix can be
+                                    show). All the video files must have the
+                                    same codecs and number of streams to be
+                                    concatenable. The "pl_video:" prefix can be
                                    used with "--paths" and "--output" to set
                                    the output filename for the concatenated
                                    files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details
    --fixup POLICY                  Automatically correct known faults of the
                                    file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only
                                    emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the
-                                    default; fix file if we can, warn
-                                    otherwise), force (try fixing even if file
-                                    already exists)
+                                    default; fix the file if we can, warn
+                                    otherwise), force (try fixing even if the
+                                    file already exists)
    --ffmpeg-location PATH          Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the
                                    path to the binary or its containing directory
    --exec [WHEN:]CMD               Execute a command, optionally prefixed with
                                    when to execute it, separated by a ":".
                                    Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as
                                    that of --use-postprocessor (default:
-                                    after_move). Same syntax as the output
+                                    after_move). The same syntax as the output
                                    template can be used to pass any field as
                                    arguments to the command. If no fields are
                                    passed, %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended
@ -1029,7 +1025,7 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
    --no-force-keyframes-at-cuts    Do not force keyframes around the chapters
                                    when cutting/splitting (default)
    --use-postprocessor NAME[:ARGS]
-                                    The (case sensitive) name of plugin
+                                    The (case-sensitive) name of plugin
                                    postprocessors to be enabled, and
                                    (optionally) arguments to be passed to it,
                                    separated by a colon ":". ARGS are a
@ -1042,8 +1038,8 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    --print/--output), "before_dl" (before each
                                    video download), "post_process" (after each
                                    video download; default), "after_move"
-                                    (after moving video file to its final
-                                    locations), "after_video" (after downloading
+                                    (after moving the video file to its final
+                                    location), "after_video" (after downloading
                                    and processing all formats of a video), or
                                    "playlist" (at end of playlist). This option
                                    can be used multiple times to add different
@ -1061,7 +1057,7 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
                                    music_offtopic, poi_highlight, chapter, all
                                    and default (=all). You can prefix the
                                    category with a "-" to exclude it. See [1]
-                                    for description of the categories. E.g.
+                                    for descriptions of the categories. E.g.
                                    --sponsorblock-mark all,-preview
                                    [1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Segment_Categories
    --sponsorblock-remove CATS      SponsorBlock categories to be removed from
@ -1093,7 +1089,7 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
                                    (Alias: --no-allow-dynamic-mpd)
    --hls-split-discontinuity       Split HLS playlists to different formats at
                                    discontinuities such as ad breaks
-    --no-hls-split-discontinuity    Do not split HLS playlists to different
+    --no-hls-split-discontinuity    Do not split HLS playlists into different
                                    formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks
                                    (default)
    --extractor-args IE_KEY:ARGS    Pass ARGS arguments to the IE_KEY extractor.
@ -1103,7 +1099,7 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,

 # CONFIGURATION

-You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:
+You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option in a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:

 1. **Main Configuration**:
    * The file given to `--config-location`
@ -1148,7 +1144,7 @@ E.g. with the following configuration file, yt-dlp will always extract the audio
 -o ~/YouTube/%(title)s.%(ext)s
 ```

-**Note**: Options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`. They must also be quoted when necessary, as if it were a UNIX shell.
+**Note**: Options in a configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`. They must also be quoted when necessary, as if it were a UNIX shell.

 You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable all configuration files for a particular yt-dlp run. If `--ignore-config` is found inside any configuration file, no further configuration will be loaded. For example, having the option in the portable configuration file prevents loading of home, user, and system configurations. Additionally, (for backward compatibility) if `--ignore-config` is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded.

@ -1182,13 +1178,13 @@ As an alternative to using the `.netrc` file, which has the disadvantage of keep

 E.g. To use an encrypted `.netrc` file stored as `.authinfo.gpg`
 ```
-yt-dlp --netrc-cmd 'gpg --decrypt ~/.authinfo.gpg' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc
+yt-dlp --netrc-cmd 'gpg --decrypt ~/.authinfo.gpg' 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'
 ```


 ### Notes about environment variables
 * Environment variables are normally specified as `${VARIABLE}`/`$VARIABLE` on UNIX and `%VARIABLE%` on Windows; but is always shown as `${VARIABLE}` in this documentation
-* yt-dlp also allow using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g. `--output`, `--config-location`
+* yt-dlp also allows using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g. `--output`, `--config-location`
 * If unset, `${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}` defaults to `~/.config` and `${XDG_CACHE_HOME}` to `~/.cache`
 * On Windows, `~` points to `${HOME}` if present; or, `${USERPROFILE}` or `${HOMEDRIVE}${HOMEPATH}` otherwise
 * On Windows, `${USERPROFILE}` generally points to `C:\Users\<user name>` and `${APPDATA}` to `${USERPROFILE}\AppData\Roaming`
@ -1269,7 +1265,7 @@ The available fields are:
 - `like_count` (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
 - `dislike_count` (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
 - `repost_count` (numeric): Number of reposts of the video
- - `average_rating` (numeric): Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
+ - `average_rating` (numeric): Average rating given by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
 - `comment_count` (numeric): Number of comments on the video (For some extractors, comments are only downloaded at the end, and so this field cannot be used)
 - `age_limit` (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)
 - `live_status` (string): One of "not_live", "is_live", "is_upcoming", "was_live", "post_live" (was live, but VOD is not yet processed)
@ -1299,7 +1295,7 @@ The available fields are:
 - `webpage_url` (string): A URL to the video webpage which, if given to yt-dlp, should yield the same result again
 - `webpage_url_basename` (string): The basename of the webpage URL
 - `webpage_url_domain` (string): The domain of the webpage URL
- - `original_url` (string): The URL given by the user (or same as `webpage_url` for playlist entries)
+ - `original_url` (string): The URL given by the user (or the same as `webpage_url` for playlist entries)
 - `categories` (list): List of categories the video belongs to
 - `tags` (list): List of tags assigned to the video
 - `cast` (list): List of cast members
@ -1376,7 +1372,7 @@ Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be repla

 **Tip**: Look at the `-j` output to identify which fields are available for the particular URL

-For numeric sequences you can use [numeric related formatting](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting); e.g. `%(view_count)05d` will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in `00042`.
+For numeric sequences, you can use [numeric related formatting](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting); e.g. `%(view_count)05d` will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in `00042`.

 Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g. `-o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s"` which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.

@ -1418,7 +1414,7 @@ $ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episod

 # Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext", subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\subs\uploader\title.ext"
 # and put all temporary files in "C:\MyVideos\tmp"
-$ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -P "temp:tmp" -P "subtitle:subs" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenoz --write-subs
+$ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -P "temp:tmp" -P "subtitle:subs" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --write-subs

 # Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext" and subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\subs\title.ext"
 $ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "subtitle:%(uploader)s/subs/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --write-subs
@ -1636,11 +1632,11 @@ $ yt-dlp -S "res:480"
 # or the worst video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
 $ yt-dlp -f "b[filesize<50M] / w"

-# Download largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
+# Download the largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
 # or the smallest video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
 $ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize:50M"

-# Download best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
+# Download the best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
 $ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize~50M"


@ -1696,7 +1692,7 @@ The metadata obtained by the extractors can be modified by using `--parse-metada

 The general syntax of `--parse-metadata FROM:TO` is to give the name of a field or an [output template](#output-template) to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon `:`. Either a [Python regular expression](https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax) with named capture groups, a single field name, or a similar syntax to the [output template](#output-template) (only `%(field)s` formatting is supported) can be used for `TO`. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.

-Note that these options preserve their relative order, allowing replacements to be made in parsed fields and viceversa. Also, any field thus created can be used in the [output template](#output-template) and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using `--embed-metadata`.
+Note that these options preserve their relative order, allowing replacements to be made in parsed fields and vice versa. Also, any field thus created can be used in the [output template](#output-template) and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using `--embed-metadata`.

 This option also has a few special uses:

@ -1771,7 +1767,7 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 #### youtube
 * `lang`: Prefer translated metadata (`title`, `description` etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
 * `skip`: One or more of `hls`, `dash` or `translated_subs` to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and [auto-translated subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
-* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are `web`, `ios` and `android`, with variants `_music` and `_creator` (e.g. `ios_creator`); and `mediaconnect`, `mweb`, `android_producer`, `android_testsuite`, `android_vr`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `tv` and `tv_embedded` with no variants. By default, `ios,mweb` is used, and `tv_embedded`, `web_creator` and `mediaconnect` are added as required for age-gated videos. Similarly, the music variants are added for `music.youtube.com` urls. Most `android` clients will be given lowest priority since their formats are broken. You can use `all` to use all the clients, and `default` for the default clients. You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=all,-web`
+* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are `web`, `ios` and `android`, with variants `_music` and `_creator` (e.g. `ios_creator`); and `mweb`, `mediaconnect`, `android_testsuite`, `android_vr`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `tv` and `tv_embedded` with no variants. By default, `ios,mweb` is used, and `web_creator,mediaconnect` is added as needed for age-gated videos when account age verification is required. Similarly, the `_music` variants are added for `music.youtube.com` URLs. Some clients, such as `web` and `android`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as the `_creator` variants, will only work with authentication. You can use `all` to use all the clients, and `default` for the default clients. You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=all,-web`
 * `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details
 * `player_params`: YouTube player parameters to use for player requests. Will overwrite any default ones set by yt-dlp.
 * `comment_sort`: `top` or `new` (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
@ -1795,7 +1791,7 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 * `key_query`: Passthrough the master m3u8 URL query to its HLS AES-128 decryption key URI if no value is provided, or else apply the query string given as `key_query=VALUE`. Note that this will have no effect if the key URI is provided via the `hls_key` extractor-arg. Does not apply to ffmpeg
 * `hls_key`: An HLS AES-128 key URI *or* key (as hex), and optionally the IV (as hex), in the form of `(URI|KEY)[,IV]`; e.g. `generic:hls_key=ABCDEF1234567980,0xFEDCBA0987654321`. Passing any of these values will force usage of the native HLS downloader and override the corresponding values found in the m3u8 playlist
 * `is_live`: Bypass live HLS detection and manually set `live_status` - a value of `false` will set `not_live`, any other value (or no value) will set `is_live`
-* `impersonate`: Target(s) to try and impersonate with the initial webpage request; e.g. `safari,chrome-110`. By default any available target will be used. Use `false` to disable impersonation
+* `impersonate`: Target(s) to try and impersonate with the initial webpage request; e.g. `generic:impersonate=safari,chrome-110`. Use `generic:impersonate` to impersonate any available target, and use `generic:impersonate=false` to disable impersonation (default)

 #### funimation
 * `language`: Audio languages to extract, e.g. `funimation:language=english,japanese`
@ -1926,7 +1922,7 @@ Plugins can be installed using various methods and locations.
    * Plugin packages can be installed and managed using `pip`. See [yt-dlp-sample-plugins](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-sample-plugins) for an example.
      * Note: plugin files between plugin packages installed with pip must have unique filenames.
    * Any path in `PYTHONPATH` is searched in for the `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folder.
-      * Note: This does not apply for Pyinstaller/py2exe builds.
+      * Note: This does not apply for Pyinstaller builds.


 `.zip`, `.egg` and `.whl` archives containing a `yt_dlp_plugins` namespace folder in their root are also supported as plugin packages.
@ -2160,9 +2156,9 @@ with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
 * **YouTube improvements**:
    * Supports Clips, Stories (`ytstories:<channel UCID>`), Search (including filters)**\***, YouTube Music Search, Channel-specific search, Search prefixes (`ytsearch:`, `ytsearchdate:`)**\***, Mixes, and Feeds (`:ytfav`, `:ytwatchlater`, `:ytsubs`, `:ythistory`, `:ytrec`, `:ytnotif`)
    * Fix for [n-sig based throttling](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29326) **\***
-    * Supports some (but not all) age-gated content without cookies
    * Download livestreams from the start using `--live-from-start` (*experimental*)
    * Channel URLs download all uploads of the channel, including shorts and live
+    * Support for [logging in with OAuth](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Extractors#logging-in-with-oauth)

 * **Cookies from browser**: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using `--cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE][::CONTAINER]`

@ -2204,7 +2200,7 @@ Features marked with a **\*** have been back-ported to youtube-dl

 Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:

-* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.8+](## "Windows 7"), and *may* remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
+* yt-dlp supports only [Python 3.9+](## "Windows 8"), and will remove support for more versions as they [become EOL](https://devguide.python.org/versions/#python-release-cycle); while [youtube-dl still supports Python 2.6+ and 3.2+](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/30568#issue-1118238743)
 * The options `--auto-number` (`-A`), `--title` (`-t`) and `--literal` (`-l`), no longer work. See [removed options](#Removed) for details
 * `avconv` is not supported as an alternative to `ffmpeg`
 * yt-dlp stores config files in slightly different locations to youtube-dl. See [CONFIGURATION](#configuration) for a list of correct locations
@ -2280,8 +2276,8 @@ While these options are redundant, they are still expected to be used due to the
    --min-views COUNT                --match-filters "view_count >=? COUNT"
    --max-views COUNT                --match-filters "view_count <=? COUNT"
    --break-on-reject                Use --break-match-filters
-    --user-agent UA                  --add-header "User-Agent:UA"
-    --referer URL                    --add-header "Referer:URL"
+    --user-agent UA                  --add-headers "User-Agent:UA"
+    --referer URL                    --add-headers "Referer:URL"
    --playlist-start NUMBER          -I NUMBER:
    --playlist-end NUMBER            -I :NUMBER
    --playlist-reverse               -I ::-1
--- a/bundle/py2exe.py
+++ b/bundle/py2exe.py
@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-# Allow execution from anywhere
-import os
-import sys
-
-sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
-
-import warnings
-
-from py2exe import freeze
-
-from devscripts.utils import read_version
-
-VERSION = read_version()
-
-
-def main():
-    warnings.warn(
-        'py2exe builds do not support pycryptodomex and needs VC++14 to run. '
-        'It is recommended to run "pyinst.py" to build using pyinstaller instead')
-
-    freeze(
-        console=[{
-            'script': './yt_dlp/__main__.py',
-            'dest_base': 'yt-dlp',
-            'icon_resources': [(1, 'devscripts/logo.ico')],
-        }],
-        version_info={
-            'version': VERSION,
-            'description': 'A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader',
-            'comments': 'Official repository: <https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp>',
-            'product_name': 'yt-dlp',
-            'product_version': VERSION,
-        },
-        options={
-            'bundle_files': 0,
-            'compressed': 1,
-            'optimize': 2,
-            'dist_dir': './dist',
-            'excludes': [
-                # py2exe cannot import Crypto
-                'Crypto',
-                'Cryptodome',
-                # requests >=2.32.0 breaks py2exe builds due to certifi dependency
-                'requests',
-                'urllib3',
-            ],
-            'dll_excludes': ['w9xpopen.exe', 'crypt32.dll'],
-            # Modules that are only imported dynamically must be added here
-            'includes': ['yt_dlp.compat._legacy', 'yt_dlp.compat._deprecated',
-                         'yt_dlp.utils._legacy', 'yt_dlp.utils._deprecated'],
-        },
-        zipfile=None,
-    )
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    main()
--- a/devscripts/changelog_override.json
+++ b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
@ -196,5 +196,25 @@
        "when": "b31b81d85f00601710d4fac590c3e4efb4133283",
        "short": "[ci] Rerun failed tests (#11143)",
        "authors": ["Grub4K"]
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "a886cf3e900f4a2ec00af705f883539269545609",
+        "short": "[priority] **py2exe is no longer supported**\nThis release's `yt-dlp_min.exe` will be the last, and it's actually a PyInstaller-bundled executable so that yt-dlp users updating their py2exe build with `-U` will be automatically migrated. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10087)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "a886cf3e900f4a2ec00af705f883539269545609",
+        "short": "[priority] **Following this release, yt-dlp's Python dependencies *must* be installed using the `default` group**\nIf you're installing yt-dlp with pip/pipx or requiring yt-dlp in your own Python project, you'll need to specify `yt-dlp[default]` if you want to also install yt-dlp's optional dependencies (which were previously included by default). [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/11255)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "87884f15580910e4e0fe0e1db73508debc657471",
+        "short": "[priority] **Beginning with this release, yt-dlp's Python dependencies *must* be installed using the `default` group**\nIf you're installing yt-dlp with pip/pipx or requiring yt-dlp in your own Python project, you'll need to specify `yt-dlp[default]` if you want to also install yt-dlp's optional dependencies (which were previously included by default). [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/11255)"
+    },
+    {
+        "action": "add",
+        "when": "d784464399b600ba9516bbcec6286f11d68974dd",
+        "short": "[priority] **The minimum *required* Python version has been raised to 3.9**\nPython 3.8 reached its end-of-life on 2024.10.07, and yt-dlp has now removed support for it. As an unfortunate side effect, the official `yt-dlp.exe` and `yt-dlp_x86.exe` binaries are no longer supported on Windows 7. [Read more](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10086)"
    }
 ]
--- a/devscripts/make_issue_template.py
+++ b/devscripts/make_issue_template.py
@ -32,14 +32,15 @@ VERBOSE_TMPL = '''
      placeholder: |
        [debug] Command-line config: ['-vU', 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']
        [debug] Encodings: locale cp65001, fs utf-8, pref cp65001, out utf-8, error utf-8, screen utf-8
-        [debug] yt-dlp version nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp [b634ba742] (win_exe)
-        [debug] Python 3.8.10 (CPython 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.22000-SP0
-        [debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-106550-g072101bd52-20220410 (fdk,setts), ffprobe N-106624-g391ce570c8-20220415, phantomjs 2.1.1
-        [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.15.0, brotli-1.0.9, certifi-2022.06.15, mutagen-1.45.1, sqlite3-2.6.0, websockets-10.3
+        [debug] yt-dlp version nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds [1a176d874] (win_exe)
+        [debug] Python 3.10.11 (CPython AMD64 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.20348-SP0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1t  7 Feb 2023)
+        [debug] exe versions: ffmpeg 7.0.2 (setts), ffprobe 7.0.2
+        [debug] Optional libraries: Cryptodome-3.21.0, brotli-1.1.0, certifi-2024.08.30, curl_cffi-0.5.10, mutagen-1.47.0, requests-2.32.3, sqlite3-3.40.1, urllib3-2.2.3, websockets-13.1
        [debug] Proxy map: {}
-        [debug] Request Handlers: urllib, requests
-        [debug] Loaded 1893 extractors
-        [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds/releases/latest
+        [debug] Request Handlers: urllib, requests, websockets, curl_cffi
+        [debug] Loaded 1838 extractors
+        [debug] Fetching release info: https://api.github.com/repos/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest
+        Latest version: nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds
        yt-dlp is up to date (nightly@... from yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds)
        [youtube] Extracting URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc
        <more lines>
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ maintainers = [
 ]
 description = "A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader"
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.8"
+requires-python = ">=3.9"
 keywords = [
    "youtube-dl",
    "video-downloader",
@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ classifiers = [
    "Environment :: Console",
    "Programming Language :: Python",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
    "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy",
@ -41,7 +41,10 @@ classifiers = [
    "Operating System :: OS Independent",
 ]
 dynamic = ["version"]
-dependencies = [
+dependencies = []
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+default = [
    "brotli; implementation_name=='cpython'",
    "brotlicffi; implementation_name!='cpython'",
    "certifi",
@ -51,9 +54,6 @@ dependencies = [
    "urllib3>=1.26.17,<3",
    "websockets>=13.0",
 ]
-
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-default = []
 curl-cffi = [
    "curl-cffi==0.5.10; os_name=='nt' and implementation_name=='cpython'",
    "curl-cffi>=0.5.10,!=0.6.*,<0.7.2; os_name!='nt' and implementation_name=='cpython'",
@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ dev = [
 ]
 static-analysis = [
    "autopep8~=2.0",
-    "ruff~=0.6.0",
+    "ruff~=0.7.0",
 ]
 test = [
    "pytest~=8.1",
@ -85,9 +85,6 @@ test = [
 pyinstaller = [
    "pyinstaller>=6.10.0",  # Windows temp cleanup fixed in 6.10.0
 ]
-py2exe = [
-    "py2exe>=0.12",
-]

 [project.urls]
 Documentation = "https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#readme"
@ -172,13 +169,11 @@ run-cov = "echo Code coverage not implemented && exit 1"

 [[tool.hatch.envs.hatch-test.matrix]]
 python = [
-    "3.8",
    "3.9",
    "3.10",
    "3.11",
    "3.12",
-    "pypy3.8",
-    "pypy3.9",
+    "3.13",
    "pypy3.10",
 ]

--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ remove-unused-variables = true

 [tox:tox]
 skipsdist = true
-envlist = py{38,39,310,311,312},pypy{38,39,310}
+envlist = py{39,310,311,312,313},pypy310
 skip_missing_interpreters = true

 [testenv]  # tox
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ setenv =


 [isort]
-py_version = 38
+py_version = 39
 multi_line_output = VERTICAL_HANGING_INDENT
 line_length = 80
 reverse_relative = true
--- a/supportedsites.md
+++ b/supportedsites.md
@ -45,10 +45,6 @@
 - **aenetworks:collection**
 - **aenetworks:show**
 - **AeonCo**
- - **afreecatv**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") afreecatv.com
- - **afreecatv:catchstory**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") afreecatv.com catch story
- - **afreecatv:live**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") afreecatv.com livestreams
- - **afreecatv:user**
 - **AirTV**
 - **AitubeKZVideo**
 - **AliExpressLive**
@ -254,6 +250,7 @@
 - **CCMA**
 - **CCTV**: 央视网
 - **CDA**: [*cdapl*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **CDAFolder**
 - **Cellebrite**
 - **CeskaTelevize**
 - **CGTN**
@ -1046,8 +1043,8 @@
 - **Parler**: Posts on parler.com
 - **parliamentlive.tv**: UK parliament videos
 - **Parlview**: (**Currently broken**)
- - **Patreon**
- - **PatreonCampaign**
+ - **patreon**
+ - **patreon:campaign**
 - **pbs**: Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and member stations: PBS: Public Broadcasting Service, APT - Alabama Public Television (WBIQ), GPB/Georgia Public Broadcasting (WGTV), Mississippi Public Broadcasting (WMPN), Nashville Public Television (WNPT), WFSU-TV (WFSU), WSRE (WSRE), WTCI (WTCI), WPBA/Channel 30 (WPBA), Alaska Public Media (KAKM), Arizona PBS (KAET), KNME-TV/Channel 5 (KNME), Vegas PBS (KLVX), AETN/ARKANSAS ETV NETWORK (KETS), KET (WKLE), WKNO/Channel 10 (WKNO), LPB/LOUISIANA PUBLIC BROADCASTING (WLPB), OETA (KETA), Ozarks Public Television (KOZK), WSIU Public Broadcasting (WSIU), KEET TV (KEET), KIXE/Channel 9 (KIXE), KPBS San Diego (KPBS), KQED (KQED), KVIE Public Television (KVIE), PBS SoCal/KOCE (KOCE), ValleyPBS (KVPT), CONNECTICUT PUBLIC TELEVISION (WEDH), KNPB Channel 5 (KNPB), SOPTV (KSYS), Rocky Mountain PBS (KRMA), KENW-TV3 (KENW), KUED Channel 7 (KUED), Wyoming PBS (KCWC), Colorado Public Television / KBDI 12 (KBDI), KBYU-TV (KBYU), Thirteen/WNET New York (WNET), WGBH/Channel 2 (WGBH), WGBY (WGBY), NJTV Public Media NJ (WNJT), WLIW21 (WLIW), mpt/Maryland Public Television (WMPB), WETA Television and Radio (WETA), WHYY (WHYY), PBS 39 (WLVT), WVPT - Your Source for PBS and More! (WVPT), Howard University Television (WHUT), WEDU PBS (WEDU), WGCU Public Media (WGCU), WPBT2 (WPBT), WUCF TV (WUCF), WUFT/Channel 5 (WUFT), WXEL/Channel 42 (WXEL), WLRN/Channel 17 (WLRN), WUSF Public Broadcasting (WUSF), ETV (WRLK), UNC-TV (WUNC), PBS Hawaii - Oceanic Cable Channel 10 (KHET), Idaho Public Television (KAID), KSPS (KSPS), OPB (KOPB), KWSU/Channel 10 & KTNW/Channel 31 (KWSU), WILL-TV (WILL), Network Knowledge - WSEC/Springfield (WSEC), WTTW11 (WTTW), Iowa Public Television/IPTV (KDIN), Nine Network (KETC), PBS39 Fort Wayne (WFWA), WFYI Indianapolis (WFYI), Milwaukee Public Television (WMVS), WNIN (WNIN), WNIT Public Television (WNIT), WPT (WPNE), WVUT/Channel 22 (WVUT), WEIU/Channel 51 (WEIU), WQPT-TV (WQPT), WYCC PBS Chicago (WYCC), WIPB-TV (WIPB), WTIU (WTIU), CET  (WCET), ThinkTVNetwork (WPTD), WBGU-TV (WBGU), WGVU TV (WGVU), NET1 (KUON), Pioneer Public Television (KWCM), SDPB Television (KUSD), TPT (KTCA), KSMQ (KSMQ), KPTS/Channel 8 (KPTS), KTWU/Channel 11 (KTWU), East Tennessee PBS (WSJK), WCTE-TV (WCTE), WLJT, Channel 11 (WLJT), WOSU TV (WOSU), WOUB/WOUC (WOUB), WVPB (WVPB), WKYU-PBS (WKYU), KERA 13 (KERA), MPBN (WCBB), Mountain Lake PBS (WCFE), NHPTV (WENH), Vermont PBS (WETK), witf (WITF), WQED Multimedia (WQED), WMHT Educational Telecommunications (WMHT), Q-TV (WDCQ), WTVS Detroit Public TV (WTVS), CMU Public Television (WCMU), WKAR-TV (WKAR), WNMU-TV Public TV 13 (WNMU), WDSE - WRPT (WDSE), WGTE TV (WGTE), Lakeland Public Television (KAWE), KMOS-TV - Channels 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 (KMOS), MontanaPBS (KUSM), KRWG/Channel 22 (KRWG), KACV (KACV), KCOS/Channel 13 (KCOS), WCNY/Channel 24 (WCNY), WNED (WNED), WPBS (WPBS), WSKG Public TV (WSKG), WXXI (WXXI), WPSU (WPSU), WVIA Public Media Studios (WVIA), WTVI (WTVI), Western Reserve PBS (WNEO), WVIZ/PBS ideastream (WVIZ), KCTS 9 (KCTS), Basin PBS (KPBT), KUHT / Channel 8 (KUHT), KLRN (KLRN), KLRU (KLRU), WTJX Channel 12 (WTJX), WCVE PBS (WCVE), KBTC Public Television (KBTC)
 - **PBSKids**
 - **PearVideo**
@ -1339,6 +1336,10 @@
 - **SohuV**
 - **SonyLIV**: [*sonyliv*](## "netrc machine")
 - **SonyLIVSeries**
+ - **soop**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") sooplive.co.kr
+ - **soop:catchstory**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") sooplive.co.kr catch story
+ - **soop:live**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine") sooplive.co.kr livestreams
+ - **soop:user**: [*afreecatv*](## "netrc machine")
 - **soundcloud**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
 - **soundcloud:playlist**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
 - **soundcloud:related**: [*soundcloud*](## "netrc machine")
@ -1778,24 +1779,24 @@
 - **YouPornStar**: YouPorn Pornstar, with description, sorting and pagination
 - **YouPornTag**: YouPorn tag (porntags), with sorting, filtering and pagination
 - **YouPornVideos**: YouPorn video (browse) playlists, with sorting, filtering and pagination
- - **youtube**: YouTube
- - **youtube:clip**
- - **youtube:favorites**: YouTube liked videos; ":ytfav" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **youtube:history**: Youtube watch history; ":ythis" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **youtube:music:search_url**: YouTube music search URLs with selectable sections, e.g. #songs
- - **youtube:notif**: YouTube notifications; ":ytnotif" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **youtube:playlist**: YouTube playlists
- - **youtube:recommended**: YouTube recommended videos; ":ytrec" keyword
- - **youtube:search**: YouTube search; "ytsearch:" prefix
- - **youtube:search:date**: YouTube search, newest videos first; "ytsearchdate:" prefix
- - **youtube:search_url**: YouTube search URLs with sorting and filter support
- - **youtube:shorts:pivot:audio**: YouTube Shorts audio pivot (Shorts using audio of a given video)
- - **youtube:subscriptions**: YouTube subscriptions feed; ":ytsubs" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **youtube:tab**: YouTube Tabs
- - **youtube:user**: YouTube user videos; "ytuser:" prefix
- - **youtube:watchlater**: Youtube watch later list; ":ytwatchlater" keyword (requires cookies)
- - **YoutubeLivestreamEmbed**: YouTube livestream embeds
- - **YoutubeYtBe**: youtu.be
+ - **youtube**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube
+ - **youtube:clip**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine")
+ - **youtube:favorites**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube liked videos; ":ytfav" keyword (requires cookies)
+ - **youtube:history**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") Youtube watch history; ":ythis" keyword (requires cookies)
+ - **youtube:music:search_url**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube music search URLs with selectable sections, e.g. #songs
+ - **youtube:notif**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube notifications; ":ytnotif" keyword (requires cookies)
+ - **youtube:playlist**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube playlists
+ - **youtube:recommended**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube recommended videos; ":ytrec" keyword
+ - **youtube:search**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube search; "ytsearch:" prefix
+ - **youtube:search:date**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube search, newest videos first; "ytsearchdate:" prefix
+ - **youtube:search_url**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube search URLs with sorting and filter support
+ - **youtube:shorts:pivot:audio**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube Shorts audio pivot (Shorts using audio of a given video)
+ - **youtube:subscriptions**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube subscriptions feed; ":ytsubs" keyword (requires cookies)
+ - **youtube:tab**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube Tabs
+ - **youtube:user**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube user videos; "ytuser:" prefix
+ - **youtube:watchlater**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") Youtube watch later list; ":ytwatchlater" keyword (requires cookies)
+ - **YoutubeLivestreamEmbed**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") YouTube livestream embeds
+ - **YoutubeYtBe**: [*youtube*](## "netrc machine") youtu.be
 - **Zaiko**
 - **ZaikoETicket**
 - **Zapiks**
--- a/test/test_plugins.py
+++ b/test/test_plugins.py
@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ TEST_DATA_DIR = Path(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'testdata')
 sys.path.append(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
 importlib.invalidate_caches()

+from yt_dlp.utils import Config
 from yt_dlp.plugins import PACKAGE_NAME, directories, load_plugins


@ -68,6 +69,24 @@ class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
            os.remove(zip_path)
            importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches

+    def test_plugin_dirs(self):
+        # Internal plugin dirs hack for CLI --plugin-dirs
+        # To be replaced with proper system later
+        custom_plugin_dir = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'plugin_packages'
+        Config._plugin_dirs = [str(custom_plugin_dir)]
+        importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
+
+        try:
+            package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor')
+            self.assertIn(custom_plugin_dir / 'testpackage' / PACKAGE_NAME / 'extractor', map(Path, package.__path__))
+
+            plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
+            self.assertIn('PackagePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+
+        finally:
+            Config._plugin_dirs = []
+            importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
+

 if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
--- a/test/test_update.py
+++ b/test/test_update.py
@ -82,16 +82,32 @@ TEST_LOCKFILE_V1 = rf'''{TEST_LOCKFILE_COMMENT}
 lock 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
 lock 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
 lock 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lock 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
+lock 2024.10.22 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+lock 2024.10.22 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+lock 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
 '''

 TEST_LOCKFILE_V2_TMPL = r'''%s
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2022.08.18.36 .+ Python 3\.6
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2023.11.16 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 py2exe .+
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp 2024.10.22 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2023.11.15.232826 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 py2exe .+
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-nightly-builds 2024.10.22.051025 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 (?!win_x86_exe).+ Python 3\.7
 lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2023.11.15.232812 win_x86_exe .+ Windows-(?:Vista|2008Server)
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.045052 py2exe .+
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 linux_(?:armv7l|aarch64)_exe .+-glibc2\.(?:[12]?\d|30)\b
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 (?!\w+_exe).+ Python 3\.8
+lockV2 yt-dlp/yt-dlp-master-builds 2024.10.22.060347 win(?:_x86)?_exe Python 3\.[78].+ Windows-(?:7-|2008ServerR2)
 '''

 TEST_LOCKFILE_V2 = TEST_LOCKFILE_V2_TMPL % TEST_LOCKFILE_COMMENT
@ -145,43 +161,76 @@ class TestUpdate(unittest.TestCase):
        for lockfile in (TEST_LOCKFILE_V1, TEST_LOCKFILE_V2, TEST_LOCKFILE_ACTUAL, TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK):
            # Normal operation
            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.12.0', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
-            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.12.0', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
-            # Python 3.6 --update should update only to its lock
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.12.0', '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
+            # py2exe should never update beyond 2024.10.22
+            test(lockfile, 'py2exe Python 3.8', '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(lockfile, 'py2exe Python 3.8', '2025.01.01', None, exact=True)
+            # Python 3.6 --update should update only to the py3.6 lock
            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.16', '2022.08.18.36')
-            # --update-to an exact version later than the lock should return None
-            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.16', None, exact=True)
-            # Python 3.7 should be able to update to its lock
+            # Python 3.6 --update-to an exact version later than the py3.6 lock should return None
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.6.0', '2023.11.16', None, exact=True)
+            # Python 3.7 should be able to update to the py3.7 lock
            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.0', '2023.11.16', '2023.11.16')
-            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.11.16', '2023.11.16', exact=True)
-            # Non-win_x86_exe builds on py3.7 must be locked
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.1', '2023.11.16', '2023.11.16', exact=True)
+            # Non-win_x86_exe builds on py3.7 must be locked at py3.7 lock
            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', '2023.11.16')
-            test(lockfile, 'zip stable Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', None, exact=True)
-            test(  # Windows Vista w/ win_x86_exe must be locked
-                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.7.1', '2023.12.31', None, exact=True)
+            # Python 3.8 should only update to the py3.8 lock
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.8.10', '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(lockfile, 'zip Python 3.8.110', '2025.01.01', None, exact=True)
+            test(  # Windows Vista w/ win_x86_exe must be locked at Vista lock
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
                '2023.12.31', '2023.11.16')
-            test(  # Windows 2008Server w/ win_x86_exe must be locked
+            test(  # Windows 2008Server w/ win_x86_exe must be locked at Vista lock
                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-2008Server',
                '2023.12.31', None, exact=True)
-            test(  # Windows 7 w/ win_x86_exe py3.7 build should be able to update beyond lock
-                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
-                '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31')
-            test(  # Windows 8.1 w/ '2008Server' in platform string should be able to update beyond lock
+            test(  # Windows 7 w/ win_x86_exe py3.7 build should be able to update beyond py3.7 lock
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
+                '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
+            test(  # Windows 7 win_x86_exe should only update to Win7 lock
+                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
+                '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(  # Windows 2008ServerR2 win_exe should only update to Win7 lock
+                lockfile, 'win_exe Python 3.8.10 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-2008ServerR2',
+                '2025.12.31', '2024.10.22')
+            test(  # Windows 8.1 w/ '2008Server' in platform string should be able to update beyond py3.7 lock
                lockfile, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-post2008Server-6.2.9200',
                '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', exact=True)
+            test(  # win_exe built w/Python 3.8 on Windows>=8 should be able to update beyond py3.8 lock
+                lockfile, 'win_exe Python 3.8.10 (CPython AMD64 64bit) - Windows-10-10.0.20348-SP0',
+                '2025.01.01', '2025.01.01', exact=True)
+            test(  # linux_armv7l_exe w/glibc2.7 should only update to glibc<2.31 lock
+                lockfile, 'linux_armv7l_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython armv7l 32bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-armv7l-with-glibc2.7',
+                '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(  # linux_armv7l_exe w/Python 3.8 and glibc>=2.31 should be able to update beyond py3.8 and glibc<2.31 locks
+                lockfile, 'linux_armv7l_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython armv7l 32bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-armv7l-with-glibc2.31',
+                '2025.01.01', '2025.01.01')
+            test(  # linux_armv7l_exe w/glibc2.30 should only update to glibc<2.31 lock
+                lockfile, 'linux_armv7l_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython armv7l 64bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-aarch64-with-glibc2.30 (OpenSSL',
+                '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(  # linux_aarch64_exe w/glibc2.17 should only update to glibc<2.31 lock
+                lockfile, 'linux_aarch64_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython aarch64 64bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-aarch64-with-glibc2.17',
+                '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')
+            test(  # linux_aarch64_exe w/glibc2.40 and glibc>=2.31 should be able to update beyond py3.8 and glibc<2.31 locks
+                lockfile, 'linux_aarch64_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython aarch64 64bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-aarch64-with-glibc2.40',
+                '2025.01.01', '2025.01.01')
+            test(  # linux_aarch64_exe w/glibc2.3 should only update to glibc<2.31 lock
+                lockfile, 'linux_aarch64_exe Python 3.8.0 (CPython aarch64 64bit) - Linux-6.5.0-1025-azure-aarch64-with-glibc2.3 (OpenSSL',
+                '2025.01.01', '2024.10.22')

        # Forks can block updates to non-numeric tags rather than lock
        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.6.3', 'pr0000', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.7.4', 'pr0000', 'pr0000', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.7.4', 'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.7.4', 'pr0000', 'pr0000', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.7.4', 'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.8.1', 'pr1234', 'pr1234', repo='fork/yt-dlp', exact=True)
        test(
-            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
+            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-Vista-6.0.6003-SP2',
            'pr1234', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp')
        test(
-            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe stable Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
+            TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'win_x86_exe Python 3.7.9 (CPython x86 32bit) - Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1',
            '2023.12.31', '2023.12.31', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.11.2', 'pr9999', None, repo='fork/yt-dlp', exact=True)
-        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip stable Python 3.12.0', 'pr9999', 'pr9999', repo='fork/yt-dlp')
+        test(TEST_LOCKFILE_FORK, 'zip Python 3.12.0', 'pr9999', 'pr9999', repo='fork/yt-dlp')

    def test_query_update(self):
        ydl = FakeYDL()
--- a/test/testdata/plugin_packages/testpackage/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/package.py
+++ b/test/testdata/plugin_packages/testpackage/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/package.py
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+class PackagePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
+    pass
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@ -154,7 +154,6 @@ from .utils import (
    try_get,
    url_basename,
    variadic,
-    version_tuple,
    windows_enable_vt_mode,
    write_json_file,
    write_string,
@ -251,7 +250,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    format_sort_force: Force the given format_sort. see "Sorting Formats"
                       for more details.
    prefer_free_formats: Whether to prefer video formats with free containers
-                       over non-free ones of same quality.
+                       over non-free ones of the same quality.
    allow_multiple_video_streams:   Allow multiple video streams to be merged
                       into a single file
    allow_multiple_audio_streams:   Allow multiple audio streams to be merged
@ -285,7 +284,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    rejecttitle:       Reject downloads for matching titles.
    logger:            Log messages to a logging.Logger instance.
    logtostderr:       Print everything to stderr instead of stdout.
-    consoletitle:      Display progress in console window's titlebar.
+    consoletitle:      Display progress in the console window's titlebar.
    writedescription:  Write the video description to a .description file
    writeinfojson:     Write the video description to a .info.json file
    clean_infojson:    Remove internal metadata from the infojson
@ -513,7 +512,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    The following options are used by the extractors:
    extractor_retries: Number of times to retry for known errors (default: 3)
    dynamic_mpd:       Whether to process dynamic DASH manifests (default: True)
-    hls_split_discontinuity: Split HLS playlists to different formats at
+    hls_split_discontinuity: Split HLS playlists into different formats at
                       discontinuities such as ad breaks (default: False)
    extractor_args:    A dictionary of arguments to be passed to the extractors.
                       See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details.
@ -553,7 +552,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    include_ads:       - Doesn't work
                       Download ads as well
    call_home:         - Not implemented
-                       Boolean, true iff we are allowed to contact the
+                       Boolean, true if we are allowed to contact the
                       yt-dlp servers for debugging.
    post_hooks:        - Register a custom postprocessor
                       A list of functions that get called as the final step
@ -4089,17 +4088,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
        if plugin_dirs:
            write_debug(f'Plugin directories: {plugin_dirs}')

-        # Not implemented
-        if False and self.params.get('call_home'):
-            ipaddr = self.urlopen('https://yt-dl.org/ip').read().decode()
-            write_debug(f'Public IP address: {ipaddr}')
-            latest_version = self.urlopen(
-                'https://yt-dl.org/latest/version').read().decode()
-            if version_tuple(latest_version) > version_tuple(__version__):
-                self.report_warning(
-                    f'You are using an outdated version (newest version: {latest_version})! '
-                    'See https://yt-dl.org/update if you need help updating.')
-
    @functools.cached_property
    def proxies(self):
        """Global proxy configuration"""
--- a/yt_dlp/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/init.py
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import sys

-if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+if sys.version_info < (3, 9):
    raise ImportError(
-        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.8 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541
+        f'You are using an unsupported version of Python. Only Python versions 3.9 and above are supported by yt-dlp')  # noqa: F541

 __license__ = 'The Unlicense'

@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ from .postprocessor import (
 )
 from .update import Updater
 from .utils import (
+    Config,
    NO_DEFAULT,
    POSTPROCESS_WHEN,
    DateRange,
@ -967,6 +968,11 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):

    parser, opts, all_urls, ydl_opts = parse_options(argv)

+    # HACK: Set the plugin dirs early on
+    # TODO(coletdjnz): remove when plugin globals system is implemented
+    if opts.plugin_dirs is not None:
+        Config._plugin_dirs = list(map(expand_path, opts.plugin_dirs))
+
    # Dump user agent
    if opts.dump_user_agent:
        ua = traverse_obj(opts.headers, 'User-Agent', casesense=False, default=std_headers['User-Agent'])
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/compat_utils.py
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def passthrough_module(parent, child, allowed_attributes=(..., ), *, callback=la
        callback(attr)
        return ret

-    @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+    @functools.cache
    def from_child(attr):
        nonlocal child
        if attr not in allowed_attributes:
--- a/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/compat/functools.py
@ -5,8 +5,3 @@ from .compat_utils import passthrough_module

 passthrough_module(__name__, 'functools')
 del passthrough_module
-
-try:
-    _ = cache  # >= 3.9
-except NameError:
-    cache = lru_cache(maxsize=None)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
@ -363,7 +363,10 @@ from .ccc import (
 )
 from .ccma import CCMAIE
 from .cctv import CCTVIE
-from .cda import CDAIE
+from .cda import (
+    CDAIE,
+    CDAFolderIE,
+)
 from .cellebrite import CellebriteIE
 from .ceskatelevize import CeskaTelevizeIE
 from .cgtn import CGTNIE
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
@ -33,21 +33,21 @@ class AfreecaTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
        }

        response = self._download_json(
-            'https://login.afreecatv.com/app/LoginAction.php', None,
+            'https://login.sooplive.co.kr/app/LoginAction.php', None,
            'Logging in', data=urlencode_postdata(login_form))

        _ERRORS = {
            -4: 'Your account has been suspended due to a violation of our terms and policies.',
-            -5: 'https://member.afreecatv.com/app/user_delete_progress.php',
-            -6: 'https://login.afreecatv.com/membership/changeMember.php',
-            -8: "Hello! AfreecaTV here.\nThe username you have entered belongs to \n an account that requires a legal guardian's consent. \nIf you wish to use our services without restriction, \nplease make sure to go through the necessary verification process.",
-            -9: 'https://member.afreecatv.com/app/pop_login_block.php',
-            -11: 'https://login.afreecatv.com/afreeca/second_login.php',
-            -12: 'https://member.afreecatv.com/app/user_security.php',
+            -5: 'https://member.sooplive.co.kr/app/user_delete_progress.php',
+            -6: 'https://login.sooplive.co.kr/membership/changeMember.php',
+            -8: "Hello! Soop here.\nThe username you have entered belongs to \n an account that requires a legal guardian's consent. \nIf you wish to use our services without restriction, \nplease make sure to go through the necessary verification process.",
+            -9: 'https://member.sooplive.co.kr/app/pop_login_block.php',
+            -11: 'https://login.sooplive.co.kr/afreeca/second_login.php',
+            -12: 'https://member.sooplive.co.kr/app/user_security.php',
            0: 'The username does not exist or you have entered the wrong password.',
            -1: 'The username does not exist or you have entered the wrong password.',
            -3: 'You have entered your username/password incorrectly.',
-            -7: 'You cannot use your Global AfreecaTV account to access Korean AfreecaTV.',
+            -7: 'You cannot use your Global Soop account to access Korean Soop.',
            -10: 'Sorry for the inconvenience. \nYour account has been blocked due to an unauthorized access. \nPlease contact our Help Center for assistance.',
            -32008: 'You have failed to log in. Please contact our Help Center.',
        }
@ -61,76 +61,40 @@ class AfreecaTVBaseIE(InfoExtractor):

    def _call_api(self, endpoint, display_id, data=None, headers=None, query=None):
        return self._download_json(Request(
-            f'https://api.m.afreecatv.com/{endpoint}',
+            f'https://api.m.sooplive.co.kr/{endpoint}',
            data=data, headers=headers, query=query,
            extensions={'legacy_ssl': True}), display_id,
            'Downloading API JSON', 'Unable to download API JSON')


 class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'afreecatv'
-    IE_DESC = 'afreecatv.com'
-    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-                    https?://
-                        (?:
-                            (?:(?:live|afbbs|www)\.)?afreeca(?:tv)?\.com(?::\d+)?
-                            (?:
-                                /app/(?:index|read_ucc_bbs)\.cgi|
-                                /player/[Pp]layer\.(?:swf|html)
-                            )\?.*?\bnTitleNo=|
-                            vod\.afreecatv\.com/(PLAYER/STATION|player)/
-                        )
-                        (?P<id>\d+)/?(?:$|[?#&])
-                    '''
+    IE_NAME = 'soop'
+    IE_DESC = 'sooplive.co.kr'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/(?:PLAYER/STATION|player)/(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:$|[?#&])'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://live.afreecatv.com:8079/app/index.cgi?szType=read_ucc_bbs&szBjId=dailyapril&nStationNo=16711924&nBbsNo=18605867&nTitleNo=36164052&szSkin=',
-        'md5': 'f72c89fe7ecc14c1b5ce506c4996046e',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/96753363',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '36164052',
+            'id': '20230108_9FF5BEE1_244432674_1',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': '데일리 에이프릴 요정들의 시상식!',
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://(?:video|st)img.afreecatv.com/.*$',
-            'uploader': 'dailyapril',
-            'uploader_id': 'dailyapril',
-            'upload_date': '20160503',
+            'uploader_id': 'rlantnghks',
+            'uploader': '페이즈으',
+            'duration': 10840,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://videoimg\.sooplive\.co/.kr/.+',
+            'upload_date': '20230108',
+            'timestamp': 1673218805,
+            'title': '젠지 페이즈',
        },
-        'skip': 'Video is gone',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://afbbs.afreecatv.com:8080/app/read_ucc_bbs.cgi?nStationNo=16711924&nTitleNo=36153164&szBjId=dailyapril&nBbsNo=18605867',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '36153164',
-            'title': "BJ유트루와 함께하는 '팅커벨 메이크업!'",
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://(?:video|st)img.afreecatv.com/.*$',
-            'uploader': 'dailyapril',
-            'uploader_id': 'dailyapril',
+        'params': {
+            'skip_download': True,
        },
-        'playlist_count': 2,
-        'playlist': [{
-            'md5': 'd8b7c174568da61d774ef0203159bf97',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '36153164_1',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': "BJ유트루와 함께하는 '팅커벨 메이크업!'",
-                'upload_date': '20160502',
-            },
-        }, {
-            'md5': '58f2ce7f6044e34439ab2d50612ab02b',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '36153164_2',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': "BJ유트루와 함께하는 '팅커벨 메이크업!'",
-                'upload_date': '20160502',
-            },
-        }],
-        'skip': 'Video is gone',
    }, {
        # non standard key
-        'url': 'http://vod.afreecatv.com/PLAYER/STATION/20515605',
+        'url': 'http://vod.sooplive.co.kr/PLAYER/STATION/20515605',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '20170411_BE689A0E_190960999_1_2_h',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '혼자사는여자집',
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://(?:video|st)img.afreecatv.com/.*$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.sooplive\.co\.kr/.+',
            'uploader': '♥이슬이',
            'uploader_id': 'dasl8121',
            'upload_date': '20170411',
@ -142,12 +106,12 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
        },
    }, {
        # adult content
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/97267690',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/97267690',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '20180327_27901457_202289533_1',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '[생]빨개요♥ (part 1)',
-            'thumbnail': 're:^https?://(?:video|st)img.afreecatv.com/.*$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.sooplive\.co\.kr/.+',
            'uploader': '[SA]서아',
            'uploader_id': 'bjdyrksu',
            'upload_date': '20180327',
@ -157,36 +121,17 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            'skip_download': True,
        },
        'skip': 'The VOD does not exist',
-    }, {
-        'url': 'http://www.afreecatv.com/player/Player.swf?szType=szBjId=djleegoon&nStationNo=11273158&nBbsNo=13161095&nTitleNo=36327652',
-        'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/96753363',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '20230108_9FF5BEE1_244432674_1',
-            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'uploader_id': 'rlantnghks',
-            'uploader': '페이즈으',
-            'duration': 10840,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://videoimg\.afreecatv\.com/.+',
-            'upload_date': '20230108',
-            'timestamp': 1673218805,
-            'title': '젠지 페이즈',
-        },
-        'params': {
-            'skip_download': True,
-        },
    }, {
        # adult content
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/70395877',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/70395877',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # subscribers only
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/104647403',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/104647403',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        # private
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/81669846',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/81669846',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]

@ -262,11 +207,11 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):


 class AfreecaTVCatchStoryIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'afreecatv:catchstory'
-    IE_DESC = 'afreecatv.com catch story'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.afreecatv\.com/player/(?P<id>\d+)/catchstory'
+    IE_NAME = 'soop:catchstory'
+    IE_DESC = 'sooplive.co.kr catch story'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/player/(?P<id>\d+)/catchstory'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/103247/catchstory',
+        'url': 'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/103247/catchstory',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '103247',
        },
@ -299,11 +244,11 @@ class AfreecaTVCatchStoryIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):


 class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
-    IE_NAME = 'afreecatv:live'
-    IE_DESC = 'afreecatv.com livestreams'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://play\.afreeca(?:tv)?\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)(?:/(?P<bno>\d+))?'
+    IE_NAME = 'soop:live'
+    IE_DESC = 'sooplive.co.kr livestreams'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://play\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)(?:/(?P<bno>\d+))?'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://play.afreecatv.com/pyh3646/237852185',
+        'url': 'https://play.sooplive.co.kr/pyh3646/237852185',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '237852185',
            'ext': 'mp4',
@ -315,30 +260,30 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
        },
        'skip': 'Livestream has ended',
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://play.afreecatv.com/pyh3646/237852185',
+        'url': 'https://play.sooplive.co.kr/pyh3646/237852185',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://play.afreecatv.com/pyh3646',
+        'url': 'https://play.sooplive.co.kr/pyh3646',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]

-    _LIVE_API_URL = 'https://live.afreecatv.com/afreeca/player_live_api.php'
+    _LIVE_API_URL = 'https://live.sooplive.co.kr/afreeca/player_live_api.php'
    _WORKING_CDNS = [
-        'gcp_cdn',  # live-global-cdn-v02.afreecatv.com
-        'gs_cdn_pc_app',  # pc-app.stream.afreecatv.com
-        'gs_cdn_mobile_web',  # mobile-web.stream.afreecatv.com
-        'gs_cdn_pc_web',  # pc-web.stream.afreecatv.com
+        'gcp_cdn',  # live-global-cdn-v02.sooplive.co.kr
+        'gs_cdn_pc_app',  # pc-app.stream.sooplive.co.kr
+        'gs_cdn_mobile_web',  # mobile-web.stream.sooplive.co.kr
+        'gs_cdn_pc_web',  # pc-web.stream.sooplive.co.kr
    ]
    _BAD_CDNS = [
        'gs_cdn',  # chromecast.afreeca.gscdn.com (cannot resolve)
-        'gs_cdn_chromecast',  # chromecast.stream.afreecatv.com (HTTP Error 400)
-        'azure_cdn',  # live-global-cdn-v01.afreecatv.com (cannot resolve)
-        'aws_cf',  # live-global-cdn-v03.afreecatv.com (cannot resolve)
-        'kt_cdn',  # kt.stream.afreecatv.com (HTTP Error 400)
+        'gs_cdn_chromecast',  # chromecast.stream.sooplive.co.kr (HTTP Error 400)
+        'azure_cdn',  # live-global-cdn-v01.sooplive.co.kr (cannot resolve)
+        'aws_cf',  # live-global-cdn-v03.sooplive.co.kr (cannot resolve)
+        'kt_cdn',  # kt.stream.sooplive.co.kr (HTTP Error 400)
    ]

    def _extract_formats(self, channel_info, broadcast_no, aid):
-        stream_base_url = channel_info.get('RMD') or 'https://livestream-manager.afreecatv.com'
+        stream_base_url = channel_info.get('RMD') or 'https://livestream-manager.sooplive.co.kr'

        # If user has not passed CDN IDs, try API-provided CDN ID followed by other working CDN IDs
        default_cdn_ids = orderedSet([
@ -358,7 +303,7 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            try:
                return self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                    m3u8_url, broadcast_no, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', query={'aid': aid},
-                    headers={'Referer': 'https://play.afreecatv.com/'})
+                    headers={'Referer': 'https://play.sooplive.co.kr/'})
            except ExtractorError as e:
                if attempt == len(cdn_ids):
                    raise
@ -374,7 +319,13 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
        broadcaster_id = channel_info.get('BJID') or broadcaster_id
        broadcast_no = channel_info.get('BNO') or broadcast_no
        if not broadcast_no:
-            raise UserNotLive(video_id=broadcaster_id)
+            result = channel_info.get('RESULT')
+            if result == 0:
+                raise UserNotLive(video_id=broadcaster_id)
+            elif result == -6:
+                self.raise_login_required(
+                    'This channel is streaming for subscribers only', method='password')
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract broadcast number')

        password = self.get_param('videopassword')
        if channel_info.get('BPWD') == 'Y' and password is None:
@ -403,7 +354,7 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
        formats = self._extract_formats(channel_info, broadcast_no, aid)

        station_info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
-            'https://st.afreecatv.com/api/get_station_status.php', broadcast_no,
+            'https://st.sooplive.co.kr/api/get_station_status.php', broadcast_no,
            'Downloading channel metadata', 'Unable to download channel metadata',
            query={'szBjId': broadcaster_id}, fatal=False), {dict}) or {}

@ -419,11 +370,11 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
        }


-class AfreecaTVUserIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'afreecatv:user'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://bj\.afreeca(?:tv)?\.com/(?P<id>[^/]+)/vods/?(?P<slug_type>[^/]+)?'
+class AfreecaTVUserIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
+    IE_NAME = 'soop:user'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://ch\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)/vods/?(?P<slug_type>[^/?#]+)?'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://bj.afreecatv.com/ryuryu24/vods/review',
+        'url': 'https://ch.sooplive.co.kr/ryuryu24/vods/review',
        'info_dict': {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': 'ryuryu24',
@ -431,7 +382,7 @@ class AfreecaTVUserIE(InfoExtractor):
        },
        'playlist_count': 218,
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://bj.afreecatv.com/parang1995/vods/highlight',
+        'url': 'https://ch.sooplive.co.kr/parang1995/vods/highlight',
        'info_dict': {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': 'parang1995',
@ -439,7 +390,7 @@ class AfreecaTVUserIE(InfoExtractor):
        },
        'playlist_count': 997,
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://bj.afreecatv.com/ryuryu24/vods',
+        'url': 'https://ch.sooplive.co.kr/ryuryu24/vods',
        'info_dict': {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': 'ryuryu24',
@ -447,7 +398,7 @@ class AfreecaTVUserIE(InfoExtractor):
        },
        'playlist_count': 221,
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://bj.afreecatv.com/ryuryu24/vods/balloonclip',
+        'url': 'https://ch.sooplive.co.kr/ryuryu24/vods/balloonclip',
        'info_dict': {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': 'ryuryu24',
@ -459,12 +410,12 @@ class AfreecaTVUserIE(InfoExtractor):

    def _fetch_page(self, user_id, user_type, page):
        page += 1
-        info = self._download_json(f'https://bjapi.afreecatv.com/api/{user_id}/vods/{user_type}', user_id,
+        info = self._download_json(f'https://chapi.sooplive.co.kr/api/{user_id}/vods/{user_type}', user_id,
                                   query={'page': page, 'per_page': self._PER_PAGE, 'orderby': 'reg_date'},
                                   note=f'Downloading {user_type} video page {page}')
        for item in info['data']:
            yield self.url_result(
-                f'https://vod.afreecatv.com/player/{item["title_no"]}/', AfreecaTVIE, item['title_no'])
+                f'https://vod.sooplive.co.kr/player/{item["title_no"]}/', AfreecaTVIE, item['title_no'])

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        user_id, user_type = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'slug_type')
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import json
 import re
 import time
 import urllib.parse
-import xml.etree.ElementTree

 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking import HEADRequest
@ -12,7 +11,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
-    join_nonempty,
    js_to_json,
    mimetype2ext,
    orderedSet,
@ -524,14 +522,13 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
    _TESTS = [{
        # This is a normal, public, TV show video
        'url': 'https://gem.cbc.ca/media/schitts-creek/s06e01',
-        'md5': '93dbb31c74a8e45b378cf13bd3f6f11e',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'schitts-creek/s06e01',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Smoke Signals',
            'description': 'md5:929868d20021c924020641769eb3e7f1',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://images.radio-canada.ca/v1/synps-cbc/episode/perso/cbc_schitts_creek_season_06e01_thumbnail_v01.jpg?im=Resize=(Size)',
-            'duration': 1314,
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://images\.radio-canada\.ca/[^#?]+/cbc_schitts_creek_season_06e01_thumbnail_v01\.jpg',
+            'duration': 1324,
            'categories': ['comedy'],
            'series': 'Schitt\'s Creek',
            'season': 'Season 6',
@ -539,19 +536,21 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
            'episode': 'Smoke Signals',
            'episode_number': 1,
            'episode_id': 'schitts-creek/s06e01',
+            'upload_date': '20210618',
+            'timestamp': 1623988800,
+            'release_date': '20200107',
+            'release_timestamp': 1578427200,
        },
        'params': {'format': 'bv'},
-        'skip': 'Geo-restricted to Canada',
    }, {
        # This video requires an account in the browser, but works fine in yt-dlp
        'url': 'https://gem.cbc.ca/media/schitts-creek/s01e01',
-        'md5': '297a9600f554f2258aed01514226a697',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'schitts-creek/s01e01',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'The Cup Runneth Over',
            'description': 'md5:9bca14ea49ab808097530eb05a29e797',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://images.radio-canada.ca/v1/synps-cbc/episode/perso/cbc_schitts_creek_season_01e01_thumbnail_v01.jpg?im=Resize=(Size)',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://images\.radio-canada\.ca/[^#?]+/cbc_schitts_creek_season_01e01_thumbnail_v01\.jpg',
            'series': 'Schitt\'s Creek',
            'season_number': 1,
            'season': 'Season 1',
@ -560,9 +559,12 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
            'episode_id': 'schitts-creek/s01e01',
            'duration': 1309,
            'categories': ['comedy'],
+            'upload_date': '20210617',
+            'timestamp': 1623902400,
+            'release_date': '20151124',
+            'release_timestamp': 1448323200,
        },
        'params': {'format': 'bv'},
-        'skip': 'Geo-restricted to Canada',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://gem.cbc.ca/nadiyas-family-favourites/s01e01',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -631,38 +633,6 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
            return
        self._claims_token = self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'claims_token')

-    def _find_secret_formats(self, formats, video_id):
-        """ Find a valid video url and convert it to the secret variant """
-        base_format = next((f for f in formats if f.get('vcodec') != 'none'), None)
-        if not base_format:
-            return
-
-        base_url = re.sub(r'(Manifest\(.*?),filter=[\w-]+(.*?\))', r'\1\2', base_format['url'])
-        url = re.sub(r'(Manifest\(.*?),format=[\w-]+(.*?\))', r'\1\2', base_url)
-
-        secret_xml = self._download_xml(url, video_id, note='Downloading secret XML', fatal=False)
-        if not isinstance(secret_xml, xml.etree.ElementTree.Element):
-            return
-
-        for child in secret_xml:
-            if child.attrib.get('Type') != 'video':
-                continue
-            for video_quality in child:
-                bitrate = int_or_none(video_quality.attrib.get('Bitrate'))
-                if not bitrate or 'Index' not in video_quality.attrib:
-                    continue
-                height = int_or_none(video_quality.attrib.get('MaxHeight'))
-
-                yield {
-                    **base_format,
-                    'format_id': join_nonempty('sec', height),
-                    # Note: \g<1> is necessary instead of \1 since bitrate is a number
-                    'url': re.sub(r'(QualityLevels\()\d+(\))', fr'\g<1>{bitrate}\2', base_url),
-                    'width': int_or_none(video_quality.attrib.get('MaxWidth')),
-                    'tbr': bitrate / 1000.0,
-                    'height': height,
-                }
-
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        video_info = self._download_json(
@ -676,7 +646,6 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
        else:
            headers = {}
        m3u8_info = self._download_json(video_info['playSession']['url'], video_id, headers=headers)
-        m3u8_url = m3u8_info.get('url')

        if m3u8_info.get('errorCode') == 1:
            self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['CA'])
@ -685,9 +654,9 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):
        elif m3u8_info.get('errorCode') != 0:
            raise ExtractorError(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: {m3u8_info.get("errorCode")} - {m3u8_info.get("message")}')

-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls')
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            m3u8_info['url'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', query={'manifestType': ''})
        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-        formats.extend(self._find_secret_formats(formats, video_id))

        for fmt in formats:
            if fmt.get('vcodec') == 'none':
@ -703,20 +672,21 @@ class CBCGemIE(InfoExtractor):

        return {
            'id': video_id,
-            'title': video_info['title'],
-            'description': video_info.get('description'),
-            'thumbnail': video_info.get('image'),
-            'series': video_info.get('series'),
-            'season_number': video_info.get('season'),
-            'season': f'Season {video_info.get("season")}',
-            'episode_number': video_info.get('episode'),
-            'episode': video_info.get('title'),
            'episode_id': video_id,
-            'duration': video_info.get('duration'),
-            'categories': [video_info.get('category')],
            'formats': formats,
-            'release_timestamp': video_info.get('airDate'),
-            'timestamp': video_info.get('availableDate'),
+            **traverse_obj(video_info, {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'episode': ('title', {str}),
+                'description': ('description', {str}),
+                'thumbnail': ('image', {url_or_none}),
+                'series': ('series', {str}),
+                'season_number': ('season', {int_or_none}),
+                'episode_number': ('episode', {int_or_none}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'categories': ('category', {str}, all),
+                'release_timestamp': ('airDate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+                'timestamp': ('availableDate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            }),
        }


--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..compat import compat_ord
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
+    OnDemandPagedList,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
    merge_dicts,
@ -351,3 +352,50 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
            extract_format(webpage, resolution)

        return merge_dicts(info_dict, info)
+
+
+class CDAFolderIE(InfoExtractor):
+    _MAX_PAGE_SIZE = 36
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/(?P<channel>\w+)/folder/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _TESTS = [
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/domino264/folder/31188385',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '31188385',
+                'title': 'SERIA DRUGA',
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 13,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/smiechawaTV/folder/2664592/vfilm',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '2664592',
+                'title': 'VideoDowcipy - wszystkie odcinki',
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 71,
+        },
+        {
+            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/DeliciousBeauty/folder/19129979/vfilm',
+            'info_dict': {
+                'id': '19129979',
+                'title': 'TESTY KOSMETYKÓW',
+            },
+            'playlist_mincount': 139,
+        }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        folder_id, channel = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'channel')
+
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, folder_id)
+
+        def extract_page_entries(page):
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(
+                f'https://www.cda.pl/{channel}/folder/{folder_id}/vfilm/{page + 1}', folder_id,
+                f'Downloading page {page + 1}', expected_status=404)
+            items = re.findall(r'<a[^>]+href="/video/([0-9a-z]+)"', webpage)
+            for video_id in items:
+                yield self.url_result(f'https://www.cda.pl/video/{video_id}', CDAIE, video_id)
+
+        return self.playlist_result(
+            OnDemandPagedList(extract_page_entries, self._MAX_PAGE_SIZE),
+            folder_id, self._og_search_title(webpage))
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
    like_count:     Number of positive ratings of the video
    dislike_count:  Number of negative ratings of the video
    repost_count:   Number of reposts of the video
-    average_rating: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
+    average_rating: Average rating given by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
    comment_count:  Number of comments on the video
    comments:       A list of comments, each with one or more of the following
                    properties (all but one of text or html optional):
@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
    or _extract_from_webpage as necessary. While these are normally classmethods,
    _extract_from_webpage is allowed to be an instance method.

-    _extract_from_webpage may raise self.StopExtraction() to stop further
+    _extract_from_webpage may raise self.StopExtraction to stop further
    processing of the webpage and obtain exclusive rights to it. This is useful
    when the extractor cannot reliably be matched using just the URL,
    e.g. invidious/peertube instances
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py
@ -564,11 +564,12 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                    js_data, lambda x: x['jsmods']['instances'], list) or [])

        def extract_dash_manifest(video, formats):
-            dash_manifest = traverse_obj(video, 'dash_manifest', 'playlist', expected_type=str)
+            dash_manifest = traverse_obj(
+                video, 'dash_manifest', 'playlist', 'dash_manifest_xml_string', expected_type=str)
            if dash_manifest:
                formats.extend(self._parse_mpd_formats(
                    compat_etree_fromstring(urllib.parse.unquote_plus(dash_manifest)),
-                    mpd_url=video.get('dash_manifest_url')))
+                    mpd_url=url_or_none(video.get('dash_manifest_url'))))

        def process_formats(info):
            # Downloads with browser's User-Agent are rate limited. Working around
@ -618,12 +619,13 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                        video = video['creation_story']
                        video['owner'] = traverse_obj(video, ('short_form_video_context', 'video_owner'))
                        video.update(reel_info)
+                    fmt_data = traverse_obj(video, ('videoDeliveryLegacyFields', {dict})) or video
                    formats = []
                    q = qualities(['sd', 'hd'])
                    for key, format_id in (('playable_url', 'sd'), ('playable_url_quality_hd', 'hd'),
                                           ('playable_url_dash', ''), ('browser_native_hd_url', 'hd'),
                                           ('browser_native_sd_url', 'sd')):
-                        playable_url = video.get(key)
+                        playable_url = fmt_data.get(key)
                        if not playable_url:
                            continue
                        if determine_ext(playable_url) == 'mpd':
@ -635,7 +637,7 @@ class FacebookIE(InfoExtractor):
                                'quality': q(format_id) - 3,
                                'url': playable_url,
                            })
-                    extract_dash_manifest(video, formats)
+                    extract_dash_manifest(fmt_data, formats)
                    if not formats:
                        # Do not append false positive entry w/o any formats
                        return
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/fifa.py
@ -87,11 +87,11 @@ class FifaContentIE(InfoExtractor):
                if ext == 'mpd':
                    fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(playlist_url, video_id)
                    formats.extend(fmts)
-                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                elif ext == 'm3u8':
                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(playlist_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls')
                    formats.extend(fmts)
-                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                else:
                    raise ExtractorError(f'Unknown playlist URL {playlist_url}', video_id=video_id)

--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/funk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/funk.py
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from .nexx import NexxIE


 class FunkIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.|origin\.)?funk\.net/(?:channel|playlist)/[^/]+/(?P<display_id>[0-9a-z-]+)-(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|origin|play)\.)?funk\.net/(?:channel|playlist)/[^/?#]+/(?P<display_id>[0-9a-z-]+)-(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.funk.net/channel/ba-793/die-lustigsten-instrumente-aus-dem-internet-teil-2-1155821',
        'md5': '8610449476156f338761a75391b0017d',
@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ class FunkIE(InfoExtractor):
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.funk.net/playlist/neuesteVideos/kameras-auf-dem-fusion-festival-1618699',
        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://play.funk.net/playlist/neuesteVideos/george-floyd-wenn-die-polizei-toetet-der-fall-2004391',
+        'only_matching': True,
    }]

    def _real_extract(self, url):
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .commonprotocols import RtmpIE
 from .youtube import YoutubeIE
 from ..compat import compat_etree_fromstring
+from ..cookies import LenientSimpleCookie
+from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..networking.impersonate import ImpersonateTarget
 from ..utils import (
    KNOWN_EXTENSIONS,
@ -2374,10 +2376,9 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
        else:
            video_id = self._generic_id(url)

-        # Try to impersonate a web-browser by default if possible
-        # Skip impersonation if not available to omit the warning
-        impersonate = self._configuration_arg('impersonate', [''])
-        if 'false' in impersonate or not self._downloader._impersonate_target_available(ImpersonateTarget()):
+        # Do not impersonate by default; see https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11335
+        impersonate = self._configuration_arg('impersonate', ['false'])
+        if 'false' in impersonate:
            impersonate = None

        # Some webservers may serve compressed content of rather big size (e.g. gzipped flac)
@ -2388,10 +2389,29 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
        # to accept raw bytes and being able to download only a chunk.
        # It may probably better to solve this by checking Content-Type for application/octet-stream
        # after a HEAD request, but not sure if we can rely on this.
-        full_response = self._request_webpage(url, video_id, headers=filter_dict({
-            'Accept-Encoding': 'identity',
-            'Referer': smuggled_data.get('referer'),
-        }), impersonate=impersonate)
+        try:
+            full_response = self._request_webpage(url, video_id, headers=filter_dict({
+                'Accept-Encoding': 'identity',
+                'Referer': smuggled_data.get('referer'),
+            }), impersonate=impersonate)
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if not (isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403
+                    and e.cause.response.get_header('cf-mitigated') == 'challenge'
+                    and e.cause.response.extensions.get('impersonate') is None):
+                raise
+            cf_cookie_domain = traverse_obj(
+                LenientSimpleCookie(e.cause.response.get_header('set-cookie')),
+                ('__cf_bm', 'domain'))
+            if cf_cookie_domain:
+                self.write_debug(f'Clearing __cf_bm cookie for {cf_cookie_domain}')
+                self.cookiejar.clear(domain=cf_cookie_domain, path='/', name='__cf_bm')
+            msg = 'Got HTTP Error 403 caused by Cloudflare anti-bot challenge; '
+            if not self._downloader._impersonate_target_available(ImpersonateTarget()):
+                msg += ('see  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp#impersonation  for '
+                        'how to install the required impersonation dependency, and ')
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                f'{msg}try again with  --extractor-args "generic:impersonate"', expected=True)
+
        new_url = full_response.url
        if new_url != extract_basic_auth(url)[0]:
            self.report_following_redirect(new_url)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/imgur.py
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class ImgurBaseIE(InfoExtractor):


 class ImgurIE(ImgurBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/(?!(?:a|gallery|t|topic|r)/)(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/(?!(?:a|gallery|t|topic|r)/)(?:[^/?#]+-)?(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'

    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://imgur.com/A61SaA1',
@ -54,6 +54,22 @@ class ImgurIE(ImgurBaseIE):
            'like_count': int,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.imgur.com/A61SaA1h.jpg',
        },
+    }, {
+        # Test with URL slug
+        'url': 'https://imgur.com/mrw-gifv-is-up-running-without-any-bugs-A61SaA1',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'A61SaA1',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'MRW gifv is up and running without any bugs',
+            'timestamp': 1416446068,
+            'upload_date': '20141120',
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'release_timestamp': 1416446068,
+            'release_date': '20141120',
+            'like_count': int,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.imgur.com/A61SaA1h.jpg',
+        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://i.imgur.com/A61SaA1.gifv',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -92,6 +108,7 @@ class ImgurIE(ImgurBaseIE):
            'comment_count': int,
            'release_timestamp': 1710491255,
            'release_date': '20240315',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.imgur.com/zV03bd5h.jpg',
        },
    }]

@ -208,7 +225,10 @@ class ImgurIE(ImgurBaseIE):
            }), get_all=False),
            'id': video_id,
            'formats': formats,
-            'thumbnail': url_or_none(search('thumbnailUrl')),
+            'thumbnails': [{
+                'url': thumbnail_url,
+                'http_headers': {'Accept': '*/*'},
+            }] if (thumbnail_url := search(['thumbnailUrl', 'twitter:image', 'og:image'])) else None,
            'http_headers': {'Accept': '*/*'},
        }

@ -252,17 +272,9 @@ class ImgurGalleryBaseIE(ImgurBaseIE):

 class ImgurGalleryIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'imgur:gallery'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/(?:gallery|(?:t(?:opic)?|r)/[^/?#]+)/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/(?:gallery|(?:t(?:opic)?|r)/[^/?#]+)/(?:[^/?#]+-)?(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'

    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'http://imgur.com/gallery/Q95ko',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'Q95ko',
-            'title': 'Adding faces make every GIF better',
-        },
-        'playlist_count': 25,
-        'skip': 'Zoinks! You\'ve taken a wrong turn.',
-    }, {
        # TODO: static images - replace with animated/video gallery
        'url': 'http://imgur.com/topic/Aww/ll5Vk',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -280,7 +292,27 @@ class ImgurGalleryIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):
            'release_timestamp': 1358554297,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.imgur.com/YcAQlkxh.jpg',
            'release_date': '20130119',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://i.imgur.com/u3R4I2S_d.png?maxwidth=290&fidelity=grand',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://i.imgur.com/N5Flb2v_d.png?maxwidth=290&fidelity=grand',
+            'comment_count': int,
+            'dislike_count': int,
+            'like_count': int,
+        },
+    }, {
+        # Test with slug
+        'url': 'https://imgur.com/gallery/classic-steve-carell-gif-cracks-me-up-everytime-repost-downvotes-YcAQlkx',
+        'add_ies': ['Imgur'],
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'YcAQlkx',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Classic Steve Carell gif...cracks me up everytime....damn the repost downvotes....',
+            'timestamp': 1358554297,
+            'upload_date': '20130119',
+            'uploader_id': '1648642',
+            'uploader': 'wittyusernamehere',
+            'release_timestamp': 1358554297,
+            'release_date': '20130119',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://i.imgur.com/YcAQlkxh.jpg',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://i.imgur.com/N5Flb2v_d.png?maxwidth=290&fidelity=grand',
            'comment_count': int,
            'dislike_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
@ -317,6 +349,13 @@ class ImgurGalleryIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):
            'title': 'Penguins !',
        },
        'playlist_count': 3,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://imgur.com/t/unmuted/penguins-penguins-6lAn9VQ',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '6lAn9VQ',
+            'title': 'Penguins !',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 3,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://imgur.com/t/unmuted/kx2uD3C',
        'add_ies': ['Imgur'],
@ -357,7 +396,7 @@ class ImgurGalleryIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):

 class ImgurAlbumIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'imgur:album'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/a/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:i\.)?imgur\.com/a/(?:[^/?#]+-)?(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9]+)'
    _GALLERY = False
    _TESTS = [{
        # TODO: only static images - replace with animated/video gallery
@ -372,6 +411,14 @@ class ImgurAlbumIE(ImgurGalleryBaseIE):
            'title': 'enen-no-shouboutai',
        },
        'playlist_count': 2,
+    }, {
+        # Test with URL slug
+        'url': 'https://imgur.com/a/enen-no-shouboutai-iX265HX',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'iX265HX',
+            'title': 'enen-no-shouboutai',
+        },
+        'playlist_count': 2,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://imgur.com/a/8pih2Ed',
        'info_dict': {
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ class LBRYBaseIE(InfoExtractor):

 class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'lbry'
+    IE_DESC = 'odysee.com'
    _VALID_URL = LBRYBaseIE._BASE_URL_REGEX + rf'''
        (?:\$/(?:download|embed)/)?
        (?P<id>
@ -364,6 +365,7 @@ class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):

 class LBRYChannelIE(LBRYBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'lbry:channel'
+    IE_DESC = 'odysee.com channels'
    _VALID_URL = LBRYBaseIE._BASE_URL_REGEX + rf'(?P<id>@{LBRYBaseIE._OPT_CLAIM_ID})/?(?:[?&]|$)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://lbry.tv/@LBRYFoundation:0',
@ -391,6 +393,7 @@ class LBRYChannelIE(LBRYBaseIE):

 class LBRYPlaylistIE(LBRYBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'lbry:playlist'
+    IE_DESC = 'odysee.com playlists'
    _VALID_URL = LBRYBaseIE._BASE_URL_REGEX + r'\$/(?:play)?list/(?P<id>[0-9a-f-]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://odysee.com/$/playlist/ffef782f27486f0ac138bde8777f72ebdd0548c2',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-from .telecinco import TelecincoIE
+from .telecinco import TelecincoBaseIE
 from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    parse_iso8601,
 )


-class MiTeleIE(TelecincoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
+class MiTeleIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
    IE_DESC = 'mitele.es'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?mitele\.es/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>[^/]+)/player'
-
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'http://www.mitele.es/programas-tv/diario-de/57b0dfb9c715da65618b4afa/player',
        'info_dict': {
@ -27,6 +26,7 @@ class MiTeleIE(TelecincoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
            'timestamp': 1471209401,
            'upload_date': '20160814',
        },
+        'skip': 'HTTP Error 404 Not Found',
    }, {
        # no explicit title
        'url': 'http://www.mitele.es/programas-tv/cuarto-milenio/57b0de3dc915da14058b4876/player',
@ -49,6 +49,26 @@ class MiTeleIE(TelecincoIE):  # XXX: Do not subclass from concrete IE
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
        },
+        'skip': 'HTTP Error 404 Not Found',
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.mitele.es/programas-tv/horizonte/temporada-5/programa-171-40_013480051/player/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '7adbe22e-cd41-4787-afa4-36f3da7c2c6f',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': 'Horizonte Temporada 5 Programa 171',
+            'description': 'md5:97f1fb712c5ac27e5693a8b3c5c0c6e3',
+            'episode': 'Las Zonas de Bajas Emisiones, a debate',
+            'episode_number': 171,
+            'season': 'Season 5',
+            'season_number': 5,
+            'series': 'Horizonte',
+            'duration': 7012,
+            'upload_date': '20240927',
+            'timestamp': 1727416450,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://album.mediaset.es/eimg/2024/09/27/horizonte-171_9f02.jpg',
+            'age_limit': 12,
+        },
+        'params': {'geo_bypass_country': 'ES'},
    }, {
        'url': 'http://www.mitele.es/series-online/la-que-se-avecina/57aac5c1c915da951a8b45ed/player',
        'only_matching': True,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nexx.py
@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ class NexxIE(InfoExtractor):
        # not all videos work via arc, e.g. nexx:741:1269984
        if not video:
            # Reverse engineered from JS code (see getDeviceID function)
-            device_id = f'{random.randint(1, 4)}:{int(time.time())}:{random.randint(1e4, 99999)}{random.randint(1, 9)}'
+            device_id = f'{random.randint(1, 4)}:{int(time.time())}:{random.randint(10000, 99999)}{random.randint(1, 9)}'

            result = self._call_api(domain_id, 'session/init', video_id, data={
                'nxp_devh': device_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pornbox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pornbox.py
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import functools
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..compat import functools
 from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    parse_duration,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/substack.py
@ -2,7 +2,13 @@ import re
 import urllib.parse

 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import js_to_json, str_or_none, traverse_obj
+from ..networking import HEADRequest
+from ..utils import (
+    determine_ext,
+    js_to_json,
+    str_or_none,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj


 class SubstackIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -43,6 +49,19 @@ class SubstackIE(InfoExtractor):
            'uploader': "Andrew Zimmern's Spilled Milk ",
            'uploader_id': '577659',
        },
+    }, {
+        # Podcast that needs its file extension resolved to mp3
+        'url': 'https://persuasion1.substack.com/p/summers',
+        'md5': '1456a755d46084744facdfac9edf900f',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': '141970405',
+            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'title': 'Larry Summers on What Went Wrong on Campus',
+            'description': 'Yascha Mounk and Larry Summers also discuss the promise and perils of artificial intelligence.',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://substackcdn\.com/image/.+\.jpeg',
+            'uploader': 'Persuasion',
+            'uploader_id': '61579',
+        },
    }]

    @classmethod
@ -89,7 +108,15 @@ class SubstackIE(InfoExtractor):
        post_type = webpage_info['post']['type']
        formats, subtitles = [], {}
        if post_type == 'podcast':
-            formats, subtitles = [{'url': webpage_info['post']['podcast_url']}], {}
+            fmt = {'url': webpage_info['post']['podcast_url']}
+            if not determine_ext(fmt['url'], default_ext=None):
+                # The redirected format URL expires but the original URL doesn't,
+                # so we only want to extract the extension from this request
+                fmt['ext'] = determine_ext(self._request_webpage(
+                    HEADRequest(fmt['url']), display_id,
+                    'Resolving podcast file extension',
+                    'Podcast URL is invalid').url)
+            formats.append(fmt)
        elif post_type == 'video':
            formats, subtitles = self._extract_video_formats(webpage_info['post']['videoUpload']['id'], canonical_url)
        else:
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/telecinco.py
@ -2,15 +2,69 @@ import json
 import re

 from .common import InfoExtractor
+from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
+    ExtractorError,
    clean_html,
    int_or_none,
+    join_nonempty,
    str_or_none,
-    try_get,
+    traverse_obj,
+    update_url,
+    url_or_none,
 )


-class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
+class TelecincoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+    def _parse_content(self, content, url):
+        video_id = content['dataMediaId']
+        config = self._download_json(
+            content['dataConfig'], video_id, 'Downloading config JSON')
+        services = config['services']
+        caronte = self._download_json(services['caronte'], video_id)
+        if traverse_obj(caronte, ('dls', 0, 'drm', {bool})):
+            self.report_drm(video_id)
+
+        stream = caronte['dls'][0]['stream']
+        headers = {
+            'Referer': url,
+            'Origin': re.match(r'https?://[^/]+', url).group(0),
+        }
+        geo_headers = {**headers, **self.geo_verification_headers()}
+
+        try:
+            cdn = self._download_json(
+                caronte['cerbero'], video_id, data=json.dumps({
+                    'bbx': caronte['bbx'],
+                    'gbx': self._download_json(services['gbx'], video_id)['gbx'],
+                }).encode(), headers={
+                    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+                    **geo_headers,
+                })['tokens']['1']['cdn']
+        except ExtractorError as error:
+            if isinstance(error.cause, HTTPError) and error.cause.status == 403:
+                error_code = traverse_obj(
+                    self._webpage_read_content(error.cause.response, caronte['cerbero'], video_id, fatal=False),
+                    ({json.loads}, 'code', {int}))
+                if error_code == 4038:
+                    self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['ES'])
+            raise
+
+        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+            update_url(stream, query=cdn), video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', headers=geo_headers)
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': traverse_obj(config, ('info', 'title', {str})),
+            'formats': formats,
+            'thumbnail': (traverse_obj(content, ('dataPoster', {url_or_none}))
+                          or traverse_obj(config, 'poster', 'imageUrl', expected_type=url_or_none)),
+            'duration': traverse_obj(content, ('dataDuration', {int_or_none})),
+            'http_headers': headers,
+        }
+
+
+class TelecincoIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
    IE_DESC = 'telecinco.es, cuatro.com and mediaset.es'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:telecinco\.es|cuatro\.com|mediaset\.es)/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<id>.+?)\.html'

@ -30,6 +84,7 @@ class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
                'duration': 662,
            },
        }],
+        'skip': 'HTTP Error 410 Gone',
    }, {
        'url': 'http://www.cuatro.com/deportes/futbol/barcelona/Leo_Messi-Champions-Roma_2_2052780128.html',
        'md5': 'c86fe0d99e3bdb46b7950d38bf6ef12a',
@ -40,23 +95,24 @@ class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
            'description': 'md5:a62ecb5f1934fc787107d7b9a2262805',
            'duration': 79,
        },
+        'skip': 'Redirects to main page',
    }, {
        'url': 'http://www.mediaset.es/12meses/campanas/doylacara/conlatratanohaytrato/Ayudame-dar-cara-trata-trato_2_1986630220.html',
-        'md5': 'eddb50291df704ce23c74821b995bcac',
+        'md5': '5ce057f43f30b634fbaf0f18c71a140a',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'aywerkD2Sv1vGNqq9b85Q2',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '#DOYLACARA. Con la trata no hay trato',
-            'description': 'md5:2771356ff7bfad9179c5f5cd954f1477',
            'duration': 50,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://album.mediaset.es/eimg/2017/11/02/1tlQLO5Q3mtKT24f3EaC24.jpg',
        },
    }, {
        # video in opening's content
        'url': 'https://www.telecinco.es/vivalavida/fiorella-sobrina-edmundo-arrocet-entrevista_18_2907195140.html',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '2907195140',
+            'id': '1691427',
            'title': 'La surrealista entrevista a la sobrina de Edmundo Arrocet: "No puedes venir aquí y tomarnos por tontos"',
-            'description': 'md5:73f340a7320143d37ab895375b2bf13a',
+            'description': r're:Fiorella, la sobrina de Edmundo Arrocet, concedió .{727}',
        },
        'playlist': [{
            'md5': 'adb28c37238b675dad0f042292f209a7',
@ -65,6 +121,7 @@ class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
                'ext': 'mp4',
                'title': 'La surrealista entrevista a la sobrina de Edmundo Arrocet: "No puedes venir aquí y tomarnos por tontos"',
                'duration': 1015,
+                'thumbnail': 'https://album.mediaset.es/eimg/2020/02/29/5opaC37lUhKlZ7FoDhiVC.jpg',
            },
        }],
        'params': {
@ -81,66 +138,29 @@ class TelecincoIE(InfoExtractor):
        'only_matching': True,
    }]

-    def _parse_content(self, content, url):
-        video_id = content['dataMediaId']
-        config = self._download_json(
-            content['dataConfig'], video_id, 'Downloading config JSON')
-        title = config['info']['title']
-        services = config['services']
-        caronte = self._download_json(services['caronte'], video_id)
-        stream = caronte['dls'][0]['stream']
-        headers = self.geo_verification_headers()
-        headers.update({
-            'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',
-            'Origin': re.match(r'https?://[^/]+', url).group(0),
-        })
-        cdn = self._download_json(
-            caronte['cerbero'], video_id, data=json.dumps({
-                'bbx': caronte['bbx'],
-                'gbx': self._download_json(services['gbx'], video_id)['gbx'],
-            }).encode(), headers=headers)['tokens']['1']['cdn']
-        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-            stream + '?' + cdn, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native', m3u8_id='hls')
-
-        return {
-            'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'formats': formats,
-            'thumbnail': content.get('dataPoster') or config.get('poster', {}).get('imageUrl'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(content.get('dataDuration')),
-        }
-
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        display_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
-        article = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
-            r'window\.\$REACTBASE_STATE\.article(?:_multisite)?\s*=\s*({.+})',
-            webpage, 'article'), display_id)['article']
-        title = article.get('title')
-        description = clean_html(article.get('leadParagraph')) or ''
+        article = self._search_json(
+            r'window\.\$REACTBASE_STATE\.article(?:_multisite)?\s*=',
+            webpage, 'article', display_id)['article']
+        description = traverse_obj(article, ('leadParagraph', {clean_html}, filter))
+
        if article.get('editorialType') != 'VID':
            entries = []
-            body = [article.get('opening')]
-            body.extend(try_get(article, lambda x: x['body'], list) or [])
-            for p in body:
-                if not isinstance(p, dict):
-                    continue
-                content = p.get('content')
-                if not content:
-                    continue
+
+            for p in traverse_obj(article, ((('opening', all), 'body'), lambda _, v: v['content'])):
+                content = p['content']
                type_ = p.get('type')
-                if type_ == 'paragraph':
-                    content_str = str_or_none(content)
-                    if content_str:
-                        description += content_str
-                    continue
-                if type_ == 'video' and isinstance(content, dict):
+                if type_ == 'paragraph' and isinstance(content, str):
+                    description = join_nonempty(description, content, delim='')
+                elif type_ == 'video' and isinstance(content, dict):
                    entries.append(self._parse_content(content, url))
+
            return self.playlist_result(
-                entries, str_or_none(article.get('id')), title, description)
-        content = article['opening']['content']
-        info = self._parse_content(content, url)
-        info.update({
-            'description': description,
-        })
+                entries, str_or_none(article.get('id')),
+                traverse_obj(article, ('title', {str})), clean_html(description))
+
+        info = self._parse_content(article['opening']['content'], url)
+        info['description'] = description
        return info
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubetugraz.py
@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ class TubeTuGrazSeriesIE(TubeTuGrazBaseIE):
                },
            },
        ],
-        'min_playlist_count': 4,
+        'playlist_mincount': 4,
    }]

    def _real_extract(self, url):
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py
@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    int_or_none,
    js_to_json,
+    strip_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
@ -132,12 +133,12 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):

        return {
            'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
+            'title': strip_or_none(title),
            'formats': formats,
            'subtitles': subtitles,
            'season_number': int_or_none(season_number),
            'episode_number': int_or_none(episode_number),
-            'episode': episode_title,
+            'episode': strip_or_none(episode_title),
            **traverse_obj(video_data, {
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/twitter.py
@ -934,14 +934,13 @@ class TwitterIE(TwitterBaseIE):
            'uploader_id': 'MoniqueCamarra',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
            'release_timestamp': 1658417414,
-            'description': 'md5:acce559345fd49f129c20dbcda3f1201',
+            'description': r're:Twitter Space participated by Sergej Sumlenny.+',
            'timestamp': 1658407771,
            'release_date': '20220721',
            'upload_date': '20220721',
        },
        'add_ie': ['TwitterSpaces'],
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
-        'skip': 'Requires authentication',
    }, {
        # URL specifies video number but --yes-playlist
        'url': 'https://twitter.com/CTVJLaidlaw/status/1600649710662213632/video/1',
@ -1856,8 +1855,6 @@ class TwitterSpacesIE(TwitterBaseIE):

    def _real_extract(self, url):
        space_id = self._match_id(url)
-        if not self.is_logged_in:
-            self.raise_login_required('Twitter Spaces require authentication')
        space_data = self._call_graphql_api('HPEisOmj1epUNLCWTYhUWw/AudioSpaceById', space_id)['audioSpace']
        if not space_data:
            raise ExtractorError('Twitter Space not found', expected=True)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ustream.py
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class UstreamIE(InfoExtractor):
        def num_to_hex(n):
            return hex(n)[2:]

-        rnd = random.randrange
+        rnd = lambda x: random.randrange(int(x))

        if not extra_note:
            extra_note = ''
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/veoh.py
@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    parse_duration,
    qualities,
-    try_get,
+    remove_start,
+    strip_or_none,
 )


@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ class VeohIE(InfoExtractor):

        categories = metadata.get('categoryPath')
        if not categories:
-            category = try_get(video, lambda x: x['category'].strip().removeprefix('category_'))
+            category = remove_start(strip_or_none(video.get('category')), 'category_')
            categories = [category] if category else None
        tags = video.get('tags')

--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import urllib.parse
 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
 from .openload import PhantomJSwrapper
 from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
-from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError, network_exceptions
+from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError, TransportError, network_exceptions
 from ..utils import (
    NO_DEFAULT,
    ExtractorError,
@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ from ..utils import (
    str_or_none,
    str_to_int,
    strftime_or_none,
+    time_seconds,
    traverse_obj,
    try_call,
    try_get,
@ -114,6 +115,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
        },
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 67,
    },
+    # This client now requires sign-in for every video
    'web_creator': {
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
            'client': {
@ -153,6 +155,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
    },
+    # This client now requires sign-in for every video
    'android_creator': {
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
            'client': {
@ -200,21 +203,6 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
        'PLAYER_PARAMS': '2AMB',
    },
-    # This client only has legacy formats and storyboards
-    'android_producer': {
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
-            'client': {
-                'clientName': 'ANDROID_PRODUCER',
-                'clientVersion': '0.111.1',
-                'androidSdkVersion': 30,
-                'userAgent': 'com.google.android.apps.youtube.producer/0.111.1 (Linux; U; Android 11) gzip',
-                'osName': 'Android',
-                'osVersion': '11',
-            },
-        },
-        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 91,
-        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
-    },
    # iOS clients have HLS live streams. Setting device model to get 60fps formats.
    # See: https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipeExtractor/issues/680#issuecomment-1002724558
    'ios': {
@ -247,6 +235,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 26,
        'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
    },
+    # This client now requires sign-in for every video
    'ios_creator': {
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
            'client': {
@ -282,8 +271,9 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
        },
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 7,
    },
-    # This client can access age restricted videos (unless the uploader has disabled the 'allow embedding' option)
-    # See: https://github.com/zerodytrash/YouTube-Internal-Clients
+    # This client now requires sign-in for every video
+    # It was previously an age-gate workaround for videos that were `playable_in_embed`
+    # It may still be useful if signed into an EU account that is not age-verified
    'tv_embedded': {
        'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
            'client': {
@ -526,6 +516,8 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
    _YT_HANDLE_RE = r'@[\w.-]{3,30}'  # https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/11585688?hl=en
    _YT_CHANNEL_UCID_RE = r'UC[\w-]{22}'

+    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
+
    def ucid_or_none(self, ucid):
        return self._search_regex(rf'^({self._YT_CHANNEL_UCID_RE})$', ucid, 'UC-id', default=None)

@ -584,9 +576,213 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
        self._initialize_consent()
        self._check_login_required()

+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        auth_type, _, user = (username or '').partition('+')
+
+        if auth_type != 'oauth':
+            raise ExtractorError(self._youtube_login_hint, expected=True)
+
+        self._initialize_oauth(user, password)
+
+    '''
+    OAuth 2.0 Device Authorization Grant flow, used by the YouTube TV client (youtube.com/tv).
+
+    For more information regarding OAuth 2.0 and the Device Authorization Grant flow in general, see:
+    - https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2/limited-input-device
+    - https://accounts.google.com/.well-known/openid-configuration
+    - https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8628
+    - https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6749
+
+    Note: The official client appears to use a proxied version of the oauth2 endpoints on youtube.com/o/oauth2,
+    which applies some modifications to the response (such as returning errors as 200 OK).
+    Since the client works with the standard API, we will use that as it is well-documented.
+    '''
+
+    _OAUTH_PROFILE = None
+    _OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE = {}
+    _OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID = 'oauth'
+
+    # YouTube TV (TVHTML5) client. You can find these at youtube.com/tv
+    _OAUTH_CLIENT_ID = '861556708454-d6dlm3lh05idd8npek18k6be8ba3oc68.apps.googleusercontent.com'
+    _OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET = 'SboVhoG9s0rNafixCSGGKXAT'
+    _OAUTH_SCOPE = 'http://gdata.youtube.com https://www.googleapis.com/auth/youtube-paid-content'
+
+    # From https://accounts.google.com/.well-known/openid-configuration
+    # Technically, these should be fetched dynamically and not hard-coded.
+    # However, as these endpoints rarely change, we can risk saving an extra request for every invocation.
+    _OAUTH_DEVICE_AUTHORIZATION_ENDPOINT = 'https://oauth2.googleapis.com/device/code'
+    _OAUTH_TOKEN_ENDPOINT = 'https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token'
+
+    @property
+    def _oauth_cache_key(self):
+        return f'oauth_refresh_token_{self._OAUTH_PROFILE}'
+
+    def _read_oauth_error_response(self, response):
+        return traverse_obj(
+            self._webpage_read_content(response, self._OAUTH_TOKEN_ENDPOINT, self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID, fatal=False),
+            ({json.loads}, 'error', {str}))
+
+    def _set_oauth_info(self, token_response):
+        YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE.setdefault(self._OAUTH_PROFILE, {}).update({
+            'access_token': token_response['access_token'],
+            'token_type': token_response['token_type'],
+            'expiry': time_seconds(
+                seconds=traverse_obj(token_response, ('expires_in', {float_or_none}), default=300) - 10),
+        })
+        refresh_token = traverse_obj(token_response, ('refresh_token', {str}))
+        if refresh_token:
+            self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._oauth_cache_key, refresh_token)
+            YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE[self._OAUTH_PROFILE]['refresh_token'] = refresh_token
+
+    def _initialize_oauth(self, user, refresh_token):
+        self._OAUTH_PROFILE = user or 'default'
+
+        if self._OAUTH_PROFILE in YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE:
+            self.write_debug(f'{self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID}: Using cached access token for profile "{self._OAUTH_PROFILE}"')
+            return
+
+        YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE[self._OAUTH_PROFILE] = {}
+
+        if refresh_token:
+            refresh_token = refresh_token.strip('\'') or None
+
+        # Allow refresh token passed to initialize cache
+        if refresh_token:
+            self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._oauth_cache_key, refresh_token)
+
+        refresh_token = refresh_token or self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, self._oauth_cache_key)
+        if refresh_token:
+            YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE[self._OAUTH_PROFILE]['refresh_token'] = refresh_token
+            try:
+                token_response = self._refresh_token(refresh_token)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                error_msg = str(e.orig_msg).replace('Failed to refresh access token: ', '')
+                self.report_warning(f'{self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID}: Failed to refresh access token: {error_msg}')
+                token_response = self._oauth_authorize
+        else:
+            token_response = self._oauth_authorize
+
+        self._set_oauth_info(token_response)
+        self.write_debug(f'{self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID}: Logged in using profile "{self._OAUTH_PROFILE}"')
+
+    def _refresh_token(self, refresh_token):
+        try:
+            token_response = self._download_json(
+                self._OAUTH_TOKEN_ENDPOINT,
+                video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID,
+                note='Refreshing access token',
+                data=json.dumps({
+                    'client_id': self._OAUTH_CLIENT_ID,
+                    'client_secret': self._OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET,
+                    'refresh_token': refresh_token,
+                    'grant_type': 'refresh_token',
+                }).encode(),
+                headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
+        except ExtractorError as e:
+            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError):
+                error = self._read_oauth_error_response(e.cause.response)
+                if error == 'invalid_grant':
+                    # RFC6749 § 5.2
+                    raise ExtractorError(
+                        'Failed to refresh access token: Refresh token is invalid, revoked, or expired (invalid_grant)',
+                        expected=True, video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+                raise ExtractorError(
+                    f'Failed to refresh access token: Authorization server returned error {error}',
+                    video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+            raise
+        return token_response
+
+    @property
+    def _oauth_authorize(self):
+        code_response = self._download_json(
+            self._OAUTH_DEVICE_AUTHORIZATION_ENDPOINT,
+            video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID,
+            note='Initializing authorization flow',
+            data=json.dumps({
+                'client_id': self._OAUTH_CLIENT_ID,
+                'scope': self._OAUTH_SCOPE,
+            }).encode(),
+            headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
+
+        verification_url = traverse_obj(code_response, ('verification_url', {str}))
+        user_code = traverse_obj(code_response, ('user_code', {str}))
+        if not verification_url or not user_code:
+            raise ExtractorError(
+                'Authorization server did not provide verification_url or user_code', video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+
+        # note: The whitespace is intentional
+        self.to_screen(
+            f'{self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID}: To give yt-dlp access to your account, '
+            f'go to  {verification_url}  and enter code  {user_code}')
+
+        # RFC8628 § 3.5: default poll interval is 5 seconds if not provided
+        poll_interval = traverse_obj(code_response, ('interval', {int}), default=5)
+
+        for retry in self.RetryManager():
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    token_response = self._download_json(
+                        self._OAUTH_TOKEN_ENDPOINT,
+                        video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID,
+                        note=False,
+                        errnote='Failed to request access token',
+                        data=json.dumps({
+                            'client_id': self._OAUTH_CLIENT_ID,
+                            'client_secret': self._OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET,
+                            'device_code': code_response['device_code'],
+                            'grant_type': 'urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code',
+                        }).encode(),
+                        headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
+                except ExtractorError as e:
+                    if isinstance(e.cause, TransportError):
+                        retry.error = e
+                        break
+                    elif isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError):
+                        error = self._read_oauth_error_response(e.cause.response)
+                        if not error:
+                            retry.error = e
+                            break
+
+                        if error == 'authorization_pending':
+                            time.sleep(poll_interval)
+                            continue
+                        elif error == 'expired_token':
+                            raise ExtractorError(
+                                'Authorization timed out', expected=True, video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+                        elif error == 'access_denied':
+                            raise ExtractorError(
+                                'You denied access to an account', expected=True, video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+                        elif error == 'slow_down':
+                            # RFC8628 § 3.5: add 5 seconds to the poll interval
+                            poll_interval += 5
+                            time.sleep(poll_interval)
+                            continue
+                        else:
+                            raise ExtractorError(
+                                f'Authorization server returned an error when fetching access token: {error}',
+                                video_id=self._OAUTH_DISPLAY_ID)
+                    raise
+
+                return token_response
+
+    def _update_oauth(self):
+        token = YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE.get(self._OAUTH_PROFILE)
+        if token is None or token['expiry'] > time.time():
+            return
+
+        self._set_oauth_info(self._refresh_token(token['refresh_token']))
+
+    @property
+    def _youtube_login_hint(self):
+        return ('Use  --username=oauth[+PROFILE] --password=""  to log in using oauth, '
+                f'or else u{self._login_hint(method="cookies")[1:]}. '
+                'See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Extractors#logging-in-with-oauth  for more on how to use oauth. '
+                'See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Extractors#exporting-youtube-cookies  for help with cookies')
+
    def _check_login_required(self):
-        if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and not self._cookies_passed:
-            self.raise_login_required('Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
+        if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and not self.is_authenticated:
+            self.raise_login_required(
+                f'Login details are needed to download this content. {self._youtube_login_hint}', method=None)

    _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*='
    _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*='
@ -685,17 +881,6 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
            if session_index is not None:
                return session_index

-    # Deprecated?
-    def _extract_identity_token(self, ytcfg=None, webpage=None):
-        if ytcfg:
-            token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], str)
-            if token:
-                return token
-        if webpage:
-            return self._search_regex(
-                r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
-                'identity token', default=None, fatal=False)
-
    def _data_sync_id_to_delegated_session_id(self, data_sync_id):
        if not data_sync_id:
            return
@ -742,7 +927,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):

    @functools.cached_property
    def is_authenticated(self):
-        return bool(self._generate_sapisidhash_header())
+        return self._OAUTH_PROFILE or bool(self._generate_sapisidhash_header())

    def extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
        if not webpage:
@ -752,21 +937,21 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                r'ytcfg\.set\s*\(\s*({.+?})\s*\)\s*;', webpage, 'ytcfg',
                default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}

-    def generate_api_headers(
-            self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None,
-            visitor_data=None, identity_token=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web'):
+    def _generate_oauth_headers(self):
+        self._update_oauth()
+        oauth_token = YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_CACHE.get(self._OAUTH_PROFILE)
+        if not oauth_token:
+            return {}

-        origin = 'https://' + (self._select_api_hostname(api_hostname, default_client))
-        headers = {
-            'X-YouTube-Client-Name': str(
-                self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME'], default_client=default_client)),
-            'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self._extract_client_version(ytcfg, default_client),
-            'Origin': origin,
-            'X-Youtube-Identity-Token': identity_token or self._extract_identity_token(ytcfg),
-            'X-Goog-PageId': account_syncid or self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg),
-            'X-Goog-Visitor-Id': visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(ytcfg),
-            'User-Agent': self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['userAgent'], default_client=default_client),
+        return {
+            'Authorization': f'{oauth_token["token_type"]} {oauth_token["access_token"]}',
        }
+
+    def _generate_cookie_auth_headers(self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None, origin=None, **kwargs):
+        headers = {}
+        account_syncid = account_syncid or self._extract_account_syncid(ytcfg)
+        if account_syncid:
+            headers['X-Goog-PageId'] = account_syncid
        if session_index is None:
            session_index = self._extract_session_index(ytcfg)
        if account_syncid or session_index is not None:
@ -776,8 +961,29 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
        if auth is not None:
            headers['Authorization'] = auth
            headers['X-Origin'] = origin
+
+        return headers
+
+    def generate_api_headers(
+            self, *, ytcfg=None, account_syncid=None, session_index=None,
+            visitor_data=None, api_hostname=None, default_client='web', **kwargs):
+
+        origin = 'https://' + (self._select_api_hostname(api_hostname, default_client))
+        headers = {
+            'X-YouTube-Client-Name': str(
+                self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME'], default_client=default_client)),
+            'X-YouTube-Client-Version': self._extract_client_version(ytcfg, default_client),
+            'Origin': origin,
+            'X-Goog-Visitor-Id': visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(ytcfg),
+            'User-Agent': self._ytcfg_get_safe(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client']['userAgent'], default_client=default_client),
+            **self._generate_oauth_headers(),
+            **self._generate_cookie_auth_headers(ytcfg=ytcfg, account_syncid=account_syncid, session_index=session_index, origin=origin),
+        }
        return filter_dict(headers)

+    def _generate_webpage_headers(self):
+        return self._generate_oauth_headers()
+
    def _download_ytcfg(self, client, video_id):
        url = {
            'web': 'https://www.youtube.com',
@ -787,7 +993,8 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
        if not url:
            return {}
        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-            url, video_id, fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {client.replace("_", " ").strip()} client config')
+            url, video_id, fatal=False, note=f'Downloading {client.replace("_", " ").strip()} client config',
+            headers=self._generate_webpage_headers())
        return self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or {}

    @staticmethod
@ -1525,6 +1732,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                'heatmap': 'count:100',
                'timestamp': 1401991663,
            },
+            'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
        },
        {
            'note': 'Age-gate video with embed allowed in public site',
@ -1555,6 +1763,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                'comment_count': int,
                'channel_is_verified': True,
            },
+            'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
        },
        {
            'note': 'Age-gate video embedable only with clientScreen=EMBED',
@ -1585,6 +1794,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                'uploader_id': '@ProjektMelody',
                'timestamp': 1577508724,
            },
+            'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
        },
        {
            'note': 'Non-Agegated non-embeddable video',
@ -2356,6 +2566,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                'channel_is_verified': True,
                'timestamp': 1405513526,
            },
+            'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
        },
        {
            # restricted location, https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28685
@ -2726,6 +2937,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                'timestamp': 1577508724,
            },
            'params': {'extractor_args': {'youtube': {'player_client': ['tv_embedded']}}, 'format': '251-drc'},
+            'skip': 'Age-restricted; requires authentication',
        },
        {
            'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/live/qVv6vCqciTM',
@ -3047,7 +3259,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
            code = self._download_webpage(
                player_url, video_id, fatal=fatal,
                note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
-                errnote=f'Download of {player_url} failed')
+                errnote=f'Download of {player_url} failed',
+                headers=self._generate_webpage_headers())
            if code:
                self._code_cache[player_id] = code
        return self._code_cache.get(player_id)
@ -3330,7 +3543,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):

            self._download_webpage(
                url, video_id, f'Marking {label}watched',
-                'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
+                'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False,
+                headers=self._generate_webpage_headers())

    @classmethod
    def _extract_from_webpage(cls, url, webpage):
@ -3953,26 +4167,15 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                else:
                    prs.append(pr)

-            # tv_embedded can work around age-gate and age-verification IF the video is embeddable
-            if self._is_agegated(pr) and variant != 'tv_embedded':
-                append_client(f'tv_embedded.{base_client}')
-
-            # Unauthenticated users will only get tv_embedded client formats if age-gated
-            if self._is_agegated(pr) and not self.is_authenticated:
-                self.to_screen(
-                    f'{video_id}: This video is age-restricted; some formats may be missing '
-                    f'without authentication. {self._login_hint()}', only_once=True)
-
            # EU countries require age-verification for accounts to access age-restricted videos
            # If account is not age-verified, _is_agegated() will be truthy for non-embedded clients
-            # If embedding is disabled for the video, _is_unplayable() will be truthy for tv_embedded
-            embedding_is_disabled = variant == 'tv_embedded' and self._is_unplayable(pr)
-            if self.is_authenticated and (self._is_agegated(pr) or embedding_is_disabled):
+            if self.is_authenticated and self._is_agegated(pr):
                self.to_screen(
                    f'{video_id}: This video is age-restricted and YouTube is requiring '
                    'account age-verification; some formats may be missing', only_once=True)
                # web_creator and mediaconnect can work around the age-verification requirement
-                # _producer, _testsuite, & _vr variants can also work around age-verification
+                # _testsuite & _vr variants can also work around age-verification
+                # tv_embedded may(?) still work around age-verification if the video is embeddable
                append_client('web_creator', 'mediaconnect')

        prs.extend(deprioritized_prs)
@ -4322,7 +4525,7 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
            if pp:
                query['pp'] = pp
            webpage = self._download_webpage(
-                webpage_url, video_id, fatal=False, query=query)
+                webpage_url, video_id, fatal=False, query=query, headers=self._generate_webpage_headers())

        master_ytcfg = self.extract_ytcfg(video_id, webpage) or self._get_default_ytcfg()

@ -4701,11 +4904,12 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                headers=self.generate_api_headers(ytcfg=master_ytcfg),
                note='Downloading initial data API JSON')

+        COMMENTS_SECTION_IDS = ('comment-item-section', 'engagement-panel-comments-section')
        info['comment_count'] = traverse_obj(initial_data, (
            'contents', 'twoColumnWatchNextResults', 'results', 'results', 'contents', ..., 'itemSectionRenderer',
            'contents', ..., 'commentsEntryPointHeaderRenderer', 'commentCount',
        ), (
-            'engagementPanels', lambda _, v: v['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['panelIdentifier'] == 'comment-item-section',
+            'engagementPanels', lambda _, v: v['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['panelIdentifier'] in COMMENTS_SECTION_IDS,
            'engagementPanelSectionListRenderer', 'header', 'engagementPanelTitleHeaderRenderer', 'contextualInfo',
        ), expected_type=self._get_count, get_all=False)

@ -5609,7 +5813,7 @@ class YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
        webpage, data = None, None
        for retry in self.RetryManager(fatal=fatal):
            try:
-                webpage = self._download_webpage(url, item_id, note='Downloading webpage')
+                webpage = self._download_webpage(url, item_id, note='Downloading webpage', headers=self._generate_webpage_headers())
                data = self.extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage or '', fatal=fatal) or {}
            except ExtractorError as e:
                if isinstance(e.cause, network_exceptions):
@ -6983,7 +7187,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
        raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')


-class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'YouTube playlists'
    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:
                        (?:https?://)?
@ -7097,7 +7301,7 @@ class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
        return self.url_result(url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)


-class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeYtBeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'youtu.be'
    _VALID_URL = rf'https?://youtu\.be/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{{11}})/*?.*?\blist=(?P<playlist_id>{YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE})'
    _TESTS = [{
@ -7148,7 +7352,7 @@ class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
            }), ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)


-class YoutubeLivestreamEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeLivestreamEmbedIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'YouTube livestream embeds'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/embed/live_stream/?\?(?:[^#]+&)?channel=(?P<id>[^&#]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
@ -7163,7 +7367,7 @@ class YoutubeLivestreamEmbedIE(InfoExtractor):
            ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=channel_id)


-class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeYtUserIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'YouTube user videos; "ytuser:" prefix'
    IE_NAME = 'youtube:user'
    _VALID_URL = r'ytuser:(?P<id>.+)'
@ -7450,7 +7654,7 @@ class YoutubeMusicSearchURLIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
        return self.playlist_result(self._search_results(query, params, default_client='web_music'), title, title)


-class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    """
    Base class for feed extractors
    Subclasses must re-define the _FEED_NAME property.
@ -7458,9 +7662,6 @@ class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
    _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
    _FEED_NAME = 'feeds'

-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._check_login_required(self)
-
    @classproperty
    def IE_NAME(cls):
        return f'youtube:{cls._FEED_NAME}'
@ -7470,7 +7671,7 @@ class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
            f'https://www.youtube.com/feed/{self._FEED_NAME}', ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())


-class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
    IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list; ":ytwatchlater" keyword (requires cookies)'
    _VALID_URL = r':ytwatchlater'
@ -7524,7 +7725,7 @@ class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
    }]


-class YoutubeShortsAudioPivotIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeShortsAudioPivotIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_DESC = 'YouTube Shorts audio pivot (Shorts using audio of a given video)'
    IE_NAME = 'youtube:shorts:pivot:audio'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/source/(?P<id>[\w-]{11})/shorts'
@ -7548,7 +7749,7 @@ class YoutubeShortsAudioPivotIE(InfoExtractor):
            ie=YoutubeTabIE)


-class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
@ -7591,9 +7792,9 @@ class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
        raise ExtractorError(
            'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
            'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
-            'like  youtube-dl '
+            'like  yt-dlp '
            '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
-            ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
+            ' or simply  yt-dlp BaW_jenozKc  .',
            expected=True)


@ -7707,7 +7908,7 @@ class YoutubeConsentRedirectIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
        return self.url_result(redirect_url)


-class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
+class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
    IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
--- a/yt_dlp/options.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/options.py
@ -408,6 +408,14 @@ def create_parser():
        help=(
            'Location of the main configuration file; either the path to the config or its containing directory '
            '("-" for stdin). Can be used multiple times and inside other configuration files'))
+    general.add_option(
+        '--plugin-dirs',
+        dest='plugin_dirs', metavar='PATH', action='append',
+        help=(
+            'Path to an additional directory to search for plugins. '
+            'This option can be used multiple times to add multiple directories. '
+            'Note that this currently only works for extractor plugins; '
+            'postprocessor plugins can only be loaded from the default plugin directories'))
    general.add_option(
        '--flat-playlist',
        action='store_const', dest='extract_flat', const='in_playlist', default=False,
@ -623,13 +631,13 @@ def create_parser():
        metavar='DATE', dest='datebefore', default=None,
        help=(
            'Download only videos uploaded on or before this date. '
-            'The date formats accepted is the same as --date'))
+            'The date formats accepted are the same as --date'))
    selection.add_option(
        '--dateafter',
        metavar='DATE', dest='dateafter', default=None,
        help=(
            'Download only videos uploaded on or after this date. '
-            'The date formats accepted is the same as --date'))
+            'The date formats accepted are the same as --date'))
    selection.add_option(
        '--min-views',
        metavar='COUNT', dest='min_views', default=None, type=int,
@ -825,7 +833,7 @@ def create_parser():
        '--prefer-free-formats',
        action='store_true', dest='prefer_free_formats', default=False,
        help=(
-            'Prefer video formats with free containers over non-free ones of same quality. '
+            'Prefer video formats with free containers over non-free ones of the same quality. '
            'Use with "-S ext" to strictly prefer free containers irrespective of quality'))
    video_format.add_option(
        '--no-prefer-free-formats',
@ -899,13 +907,14 @@ def create_parser():
    subtitles.add_option(
        '--sub-format',
        action='store', dest='subtitlesformat', metavar='FORMAT', default='best',
-        help='Subtitle format; accepts formats preference, e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"')
+        help='Subtitle format; accepts formats preference separated by "/", e.g. "srt" or "ass/srt/best"')
    subtitles.add_option(
        '--sub-langs', '--srt-langs',
        action='callback', dest='subtitleslangs', metavar='LANGS', type='str',
        default=[], callback=_list_from_options_callback,
        help=(
-            'Languages of the subtitles to download (can be regex) or "all" separated by commas, e.g. --sub-langs "en.*,ja". '
+            'Languages of the subtitles to download (can be regex) or "all" separated by commas, e.g. --sub-langs "en.*,ja" '
+            '(where "en.*" is a regex pattern that matches "en" followed by 0 or more of any character). '
            'You can prefix the language code with a "-" to exclude it from the requested languages, e.g. --sub-langs all,-live_chat. '
            'Use --list-subs for a list of available language tags'))

@ -1174,7 +1183,7 @@ def create_parser():
        '--print-to-file',
        metavar='[WHEN:]TEMPLATE FILE', dest='print_to_file', nargs=2, **when_prefix('video'),
        help=(
-            'Append given template to the file. The values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are same as that of --print. '
+            'Append given template to the file. The values of WHEN and TEMPLATE are the same as that of --print. '
            'FILE uses the same syntax as the output template. This option can be used multiple times'))
    verbosity.add_option(
        '-g', '--get-url',
@ -1218,7 +1227,7 @@ def create_parser():
        '-J', '--dump-single-json',
        action='store_true', dest='dump_single_json', default=False,
        help=(
-            'Quiet, but print JSON information for each url or infojson passed. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. '
+            'Quiet, but print JSON information for each URL or infojson passed. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. '
            'If the URL refers to a playlist, the whole playlist information is dumped in a single line'))
    verbosity.add_option(
        '--print-json',
@ -1562,7 +1571,7 @@ def create_parser():
        help=(
            'Remux the video into another container if necessary '
            f'(currently supported: {", ".join(FFmpegVideoRemuxerPP.SUPPORTED_EXTS)}). '
-            'If target container does not support the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail. You can specify multiple rules; '
+            'If the target container does not support the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail. You can specify multiple rules; '
            'e.g. "aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a, mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv'))
    postproc.add_option(
        '--recode-video',
@ -1668,7 +1677,7 @@ def create_parser():
    postproc.add_option(
        '--xattrs', '--xattr',
        action='store_true', dest='xattrs', default=False,
-        help='Write metadata to the video file\'s xattrs (using dublin core and xdg standards)')
+        help='Write metadata to the video file\'s xattrs (using Dublin Core and XDG standards)')
    postproc.add_option(
        '--concat-playlist',
        metavar='POLICY', dest='concat_playlist', default='multi_video',
@ -1676,7 +1685,7 @@ def create_parser():
        help=(
            'Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of "never", "always", or '
            '"multi_video" (default; only when the videos form a single show). '
-            'All the video files must have same codecs and number of streams to be concatable. '
+            'All the video files must have the same codecs and number of streams to be concatenable. '
            'The "pl_video:" prefix can be used with "--paths" and "--output" to '
            'set the output filename for the concatenated files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details'))
    postproc.add_option(
@ -1686,8 +1695,8 @@ def create_parser():
        help=(
            'Automatically correct known faults of the file. '
            'One of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning), '
-            'detect_or_warn (the default; fix file if we can, warn otherwise), '
-            'force (try fixing even if file already exists)'))
+            'detect_or_warn (the default; fix the file if we can, warn otherwise), '
+            'force (try fixing even if the file already exists)'))
    postproc.add_option(
        '--prefer-avconv', '--no-prefer-ffmpeg',
        action='store_false', dest='prefer_ffmpeg',
@ -1706,7 +1715,7 @@ def create_parser():
        help=(
            'Execute a command, optionally prefixed with when to execute it, separated by a ":". '
            'Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor (default: after_move). '
-            'Same syntax as the output template can be used to pass any field as arguments to the command. '
+            'The same syntax as the output template can be used to pass any field as arguments to the command. '
            'If no fields are passed, %(filepath,_filename|)q is appended to the end of the command. '
            'This option can be used multiple times'))
    postproc.add_option(
@ -1777,14 +1786,14 @@ def create_parser():
            'delim': None,
            'process': lambda val: dict(_postprocessor_opts_parser(*val.split(':', 1))),
        }, help=(
-            'The (case sensitive) name of plugin postprocessors to be enabled, '
+            'The (case-sensitive) name of plugin postprocessors to be enabled, '
            'and (optionally) arguments to be passed to it, separated by a colon ":". '
            'ARGS are a semicolon ";" delimited list of NAME=VALUE. '
            'The "when" argument determines when the postprocessor is invoked. '
            'It can be one of "pre_process" (after video extraction), "after_filter" (after video passes filter), '
            '"video" (after --format; before --print/--output), "before_dl" (before each video download), '
            '"post_process" (after each video download; default), '
-            '"after_move" (after moving video file to its final locations), '
+            '"after_move" (after moving the video file to its final location), '
            '"after_video" (after downloading and processing all formats of a video), '
            'or "playlist" (at end of playlist). '
            'This option can be used multiple times to add different postprocessors'))
@ -1801,7 +1810,7 @@ def create_parser():
        }, help=(
            'SponsorBlock categories to create chapters for, separated by commas. '
            f'Available categories are {", ".join(SponsorBlockPP.CATEGORIES.keys())}, all and default (=all). '
-            'You can prefix the category with a "-" to exclude it. See [1] for description of the categories. '
+            'You can prefix the category with a "-" to exclude it. See [1] for descriptions of the categories. '
            'E.g. --sponsorblock-mark all,-preview [1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay.app/w/Segment_Categories'))
    sponsorblock.add_option(
        '--sponsorblock-remove', metavar='CATS',
@ -1887,7 +1896,7 @@ def create_parser():
    extractor.add_option(
        '--no-hls-split-discontinuity',
        dest='hls_split_discontinuity', action='store_false',
-        help='Do not split HLS playlists to different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks (default)')
+        help='Do not split HLS playlists into different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks (default)')
    _extractor_arg_parser = lambda key, vals='': (key.strip().lower().replace('-', '_'), [
        val.replace(r'\,', ',').strip() for val in re.split(r'(?<!\\),', vals)])
    extractor.add_option(
--- a/yt_dlp/plugins.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/plugins.py
@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import contextlib
+import functools
 import importlib
 import importlib.abc
 import importlib.machinery
@ -13,8 +14,8 @@ import zipimport
 from pathlib import Path
 from zipfile import ZipFile

-from .compat import functools  # isort: split
 from .utils import (
+    Config,
    get_executable_path,
    get_system_config_dirs,
    get_user_config_dirs,
@ -84,6 +85,12 @@ class PluginFinder(importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder):
        with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):  # Added when running __main__.py directly
            candidate_locations.remove(Path(__file__).parent)

+        # TODO(coletdjnz): remove when plugin globals system is implemented
+        if Config._plugin_dirs:
+            candidate_locations.extend(_get_package_paths(
+                *Config._plugin_dirs,
+                containing_folder=''))
+
        parts = Path(*fullname.split('.'))
        for path in orderedSet(candidate_locations, lazy=True):
            candidate = path / parts
--- a/yt_dlp/update.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/update.py
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations

 import atexit
 import contextlib
+import functools
 import hashlib
 import json
 import os
@ -12,7 +13,6 @@ import sys
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from zipimport import zipimporter

-from .compat import functools  # isort: split
 from .compat import compat_realpath
 from .networking import Request
 from .networking.exceptions import HTTPError, network_exceptions
@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ def current_git_head():

 _FILE_SUFFIXES = {
    'zip': '',
-    'py2exe': '_min.exe',
    'win_exe': '.exe',
    'win_x86_exe': '_x86.exe',
    'darwin_exe': '_macos',
@ -117,6 +116,7 @@ _NON_UPDATEABLE_REASONS = {
    **{variant: None for variant in _FILE_SUFFIXES},  # Updatable
    **{variant: f'Auto-update is not supported for unpackaged {name} executable; Re-download the latest release'
       for variant, name in {'win32_dir': 'Windows', 'darwin_dir': 'MacOS', 'linux_dir': 'Linux'}.items()},
+    'py2exe': 'py2exe is no longer supported by yt-dlp; This executable cannot be updated',
    'source': 'You cannot update when running from source code; Use git to pull the latest changes',
    'unknown': 'You installed yt-dlp from a manual build or with a package manager; Use that to update',
    'other': 'You are using an unofficial build of yt-dlp; Build the executable again',
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def _get_binary_name():


 def _get_system_deprecation():
-    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 8), (3, 9)
+    MIN_SUPPORTED, MIN_RECOMMENDED = (3, 9), (3, 9)

    if sys.version_info > MIN_RECOMMENDED:
        return None
@ -146,30 +146,6 @@ def _get_system_deprecation():
    if sys.version_info < MIN_SUPPORTED:
        return f'Python version {major}.{minor} is no longer supported! {PYTHON_MSG}'

-    EXE_MSG_TMPL = ('Support for {} has been deprecated. '
-                    'See  https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/{}  for details.\n{}')
-    STOP_MSG = 'You may stop receiving updates on this version at any time!'
-    variant = detect_variant()
-
-    # Temporary until Windows builds use 3.9, which will drop support for Win7 and 2008ServerR2
-    if variant in ('win_exe', 'win_x86_exe', 'py2exe'):
-        platform_name = platform.platform()
-        if any(platform_name.startswith(f'Windows-{name}') for name in ('7', '2008ServerR2')):
-            return EXE_MSG_TMPL.format('Windows 7/Server 2008 R2', 'issues/10086', STOP_MSG)
-        elif variant == 'py2exe':
-            return EXE_MSG_TMPL.format(
-                'py2exe builds (yt-dlp_min.exe)', 'issues/10087',
-                'In a future update you will be migrated to the PyInstaller-bundled executable. '
-                'This will be done automatically; no action is required on your part')
-        return None
-
-    # Temporary until aarch64/armv7l build flow is bumped to Ubuntu 20.04 and Python 3.9
-    elif variant in ('linux_aarch64_exe', 'linux_armv7l_exe'):
-        libc_ver = version_tuple(os.confstr('CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION').partition(' ')[2])
-        if libc_ver < (2, 31):
-            return EXE_MSG_TMPL.format('system glibc version < 2.31', 'pull/8638', STOP_MSG)
-        return None
-
    return f'Support for Python version {major}.{minor} has been deprecated. {PYTHON_MSG}'


@ -362,7 +338,8 @@ class Updater:
                    continue

                self._report_error(
-                    f'yt-dlp cannot be updated to {resolved_tag} since you are on an older Python version', True)
+                    f'yt-dlp cannot be updated to {resolved_tag} since you are on an older Python version '
+                    'or your operating system is not compatible with the requested build', True)
                return None

        return resolved_tag
@ -525,7 +502,7 @@ class Updater:
                return os.rename(old_filename, self.filename)

        variant = detect_variant()
-        if variant.startswith('win') or variant == 'py2exe':
+        if variant.startswith('win'):
            atexit.register(Popen, f'ping 127.0.0.1 -n 5 -w 1000 & del /F "{old_filename}"',
                            shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
        elif old_filename:
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import datetime as dt
 import email.header
 import email.utils
 import errno
+import functools
 import hashlib
 import hmac
 import html.entities
@ -44,7 +45,6 @@ import xml.etree.ElementTree

 from . import traversal

-from ..compat import functools  # isort: split
 from ..compat import (
    compat_etree_fromstring,
    compat_expanduser,
@ -4897,6 +4897,10 @@ class Config:
    filename = None
    __initialized = False

+    # Internal only, do not use! Hack to enable --plugin-dirs
+    # TODO(coletdjnz): remove when plugin globals system is implemented
+    _plugin_dirs = None
+
    def __init__(self, parser, label=None):
        self.parser, self.label = parser, label
        self._loaded_paths, self.configs = set(), []
--- a/yt_dlp/utils/traversal.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/utils/traversal.py
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def traverse_obj(
    The keys in the path can be one of:
        - `None`:           Return the current object.
        - `set`:            Requires the only item in the set to be a type or function,
-                            like `{type}`/`{type, type, ...}/`{func}`. If a `type`, return only
+                            like `{type}`/`{type, type, ...}`/`{func}`. If a `type`, return only
                            values of this type. If a function, returns `func(obj)`.
        - `str`/`int`:      Return `obj[key]`. For `re.Match`, return `obj.group(key)`.
        - `slice`:          Branch out and return all values in `obj[key]`.
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ def traverse_obj(

        `tuple`, `list`, and `dict` all support nested paths and branches.

-    @params paths           Paths which to traverse by.
+    @params paths           Paths by which to traverse.
    @param default          Value to return if the paths do not match.
                            If the last key in the path is a `dict`, it will apply to each value inside
                            the dict instead, depth first. Try to avoid if using nested `dict` keys.
--- a/yt_dlp/version.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/version.py
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Autogenerated by devscripts/update-version.py

-__version__ = '2024.10.07'
+__version__ = '2024.10.22'

-RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '1a176d874e6772cd898ce507379ea388e96ee3f7'
+RELEASE_GIT_HEAD = '67adeb7bab00662ba55d473e405b301abb42fe61'

 VARIANT = None

@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ CHANNEL = 'stable'

 ORIGIN = 'yt-dlp/yt-dlp'

-_pkg_version = '2024.10.07'
+_pkg_version = '2024.10.22'
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Mozi	76111ea625	merge 'master'	2024-10-28 00:32:14 +00:00
Mozi	ac5c846921	fix usage of self._merge_subtitles	2024-10-28 00:31:56 +00:00
bashonly	c29f5a7fae	[ie/generic] Do not impersonate by default (fix `edfd095b19`) (#11336 ) Closes #11335 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-24 23:11:48 +00:00
kclauhk	ec9b25043f	[ie/facebook] Fix formats extraction (#11343 ) Closes #11337 Authored by: kclauhk	2024-10-24 16:36:09 +00:00
bashonly	914af9a0cf	Expand paths in `--plugin-dirs` (fix `0f593dca9f`) (#11334 ) Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-23 21:53:51 +00:00
bashonly	c998238c2e	[cleanup] Misc (#11328 ) Closes #11307 Authored by: bashonly, KBelmin Co-authored-by: Belminho <102482175+KBelmin@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-10-23 21:27:26 +00:00
bashonly	d784464399	Remove Python 3.8 support (#11321 ) Closes #10086 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-23 06:33:50 +00:00
bashonly	dd2e244469	[build] Use Ubuntu 20.04 and Python 3.9 for Linux ARM builds (#8638 ) Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-22 13:09:43 -05:00
bashonly	ea9e35d85f	[cleanup] Misc (#11311 ) Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-22 06:03:30 +00:00
bashonly	87884f1558	[build] Move optional dependencies to the `default` group (#11255 ) Closes #11221 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-22 05:40:25 +00:00
github-actions[bot]	2a246749ec	Release 2024.10.22 Created by: bashonly :ci skip all	2024-10-22 05:03:55 +00:00
Simon Sawicki	67adeb7bab	[cleanup] Misc (#11216 ) - Add Python 3.13 to CI, finalize 3.13 support - Remove Python 3.8 from CI in preparation for removing 3.8 support - Document that PyPy3.8 and PyPy3.9 are no longer supported - Usual documentation fixes and code cleanup Closes #8248, Closes #11146, Closes #11149, Closes #11211 Authored by: Grub4K, grqz, DTrombett, KarboniteKream, bashonly, mikkovedru, seproDev Co-authored-by: N/Ame <173015200+grqz@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: DTrombett <d@trombett.org> Co-authored-by: =?UTF-8?q?Klemen=20Ko=C5=A1ir?= <klemen.kosir@kream.io> Co-authored-by: bashonly <88596187+bashonly@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Mikko Vedru <mikko.vedru@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: sepro <sepro@sepr0.com>	2024-10-22 04:50:35 +00:00
bashonly	a886cf3e90	[build] Migrate `py2exe` builds to `win_exe` (#11256 ) This commit removes py2exe support Closes #10087 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-22 04:20:20 +00:00
Allen	e68b4c19af	[ie/tubitv] Strip extra whitespace from titles (#10795 ) Closes #10794 Authored by: allendema	2024-10-22 03:54:41 +00:00
coletdjnz	b8635c1d47	[ie/youtube] Support logging in with OAuth (#11001 ) See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/wiki/Extractors#logging-in-with-oauth Authored by: coletdjnz	2024-10-22 03:46:53 +00:00
63427083dev	46fe60ff19	[ie/afreecatv] Adapt extractors to new sooplive.co.kr domain (#11266 ) Closes #11253 Authored by: 63427083, bashonly Co-authored-by: bashonly <88596187+bashonly@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-10-21 23:42:45 +00:00
DarkZeros	0b7ec08816	[ie/telecinco] Fix extractors (#11142 ) Closes #10986, Closes #11106 Authored by: DarkZeros, bashonly Co-authored-by: bashonly <88596187+bashonly@users.noreply.github.com>	2024-10-21 21:18:12 +00:00
David Skrundz	40054cb4a7	[ie/gem.cbc.ca] Fix formats extraction (#11196 ) Also extracts `timestamp` and `release_timestamp` as seconds instead of milliseconds Authored by: DavidSkrundz	2024-10-21 18:56:43 +00:00
bashonly	fed53d70bd	[ie/youtube] Remove broken `android_producer` client (#11297 ) Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-21 18:39:58 +00:00
bashonly	ec2f4bf082	[ie/youtube] Remove broken age-restriction workaround (#11297 ) Closes #11296 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-21 18:39:58 +00:00
sepro	87408ccfd7	[ie/imgur] Fix thumbnail extraction (#11298 ) Authored by: seproDev	2024-10-20 23:18:11 +02:00
Paweł Kotiuk	c4d95f67dd	[ie/cda] Support folders (#10786 ) Closes #5429 Authored by: pktiuk	2024-10-20 23:16:22 +02:00
Deer-Spangle	5af774d7a3	[ie/imgur] Support new URL format (#11075 ) Authored by: Deer-Spangle	2024-10-20 22:58:53 +02:00
Imran Hussain	0f593dca9f	Add option `--plugin-dirs` (#11277 ) Closes #3260 Authored by: imranh2, coletdjnz Co-authored-by: coletdjnz <coletdjnz@protonmail.com>	2024-10-20 17:10:26 +00:00
sepro	8de431ec97	[ie/Funk] Extend `_VALID_URL` (#11269 ) Authored by: seproDev	2024-10-20 15:18:15 +02:00
rubyevadestaxes	679c68240a	[ie/twitter:spaces] Allow extraction when not logged in (#11289 ) Closes #11288 Authored by: rubyevadestaxes	2024-10-19 21:51:47 +00:00
bashonly	3148c1822f	[ie/substack] Resolve podcast file extensions (#11275 ) Closes #4601 Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-19 21:41:14 +00:00
bashonly	7af1ddaaf2	[ie/youtube] Fix `comment_count` extraction (#11274 ) Authored by: bashonly	2024-10-19 21:40:20 +00:00